Newton's Laws
It states that an object moves at a constant velocity unless an unbalanced force acts on it
What is air resistance?
A friction like force that opposes the motion of objects through the air
What is momentum?
It's a measure of how much motion an object has and also indicates how hard it would be to stop an object
What is gravity?
An attractive force between any two objects that depends on the masses of the objects and the distance between them
What is a force?
A push or pull on something
What is inertia?
the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion
What factors affect the air resistance of an object?
The size, shape, mass, and speed of the object
What is the formula for momentum?
Momentum = mass x velocity
What is weight?
The force of gravity acting on an object's mass
What is the force that opposes the sliding motion of two objects?
Friction
What is the formula for force?
Force = mass x acceleration
What is terminal velocity?
The maximum speed an object can reach when falling through a substance like air
What is centripetal force?
a force exerted towards the center of a curved path
What does the Law of Universal Gravitation state?
It states that the gravitational force increases as the mass of either object increases and as the objects move closer together
Which force is larger: static friction or rolling friction?
static friction
What does the Third Law of Motion state?
It states that when an object exerts a force on a second object, the second object exerts a force on the first object that is equal in strength and opposite in direction
Basically, for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
When do objects reach terminal velocity?
When the force of gravity pulling down and the force of air resistance pushing up are equal and balanced forces
What is an example of a centripetal force?
A planet circling the sun
The moon circling the Earth
People going around a roller coaster bend
A car going around a turn in the road
Why is gravity referred to as a "field"?
Because the force can occur over long distances - the objects do not have to touch to experience gravity
When the forces on something are ______________, it has a ____ force, which causes it to change motion
unbalanced, net
What does the Second Law of Motion state?
It states that an object’s acceleration is in the same direction as the net force applied to the object and is equal to the net force divided by its mass
Basically, if we apply a force to an object, it will move in that direction
Also, the heavier an object is, the more force is needed to move it
What is free fall? Why do different sized objects in free fall hit the ground at the same time?
Free fall is when gravity is the only force acting on the object. They fall at the same time because there is no air resistance
What does the Law of Conservation of Momentum state?
It states that if no external forces act on a group of objects, their total momentum does not change
For example, when one ball collides with another, the momentum lost by the first ball is gained by the second ball, and the total momentum of the two balls is the same before and after the collision
What is the formula for weight?
Weight = mass x gravitational force
What is the formula for force and momentum?
Force = (final momentum - initial momentum)/time