What are Carbohydrates?
What 3 things do Carbohydrates contain?
Hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon
Carbohydrates provides what for daily activities and exercise?
Energy
Most Carbohydrate digestion occurs in...
The small intestines
What 2 things regulate blood glucose levels?
Insulin and glucagon
The Recommended Dietary Allowance for total carbohydrates reflects glucose use by what?
The brain
What 2 things do simple carbohydrates include?
monosaccharides and disaccharides
What 2 things do we rely on for energy?
Carbohydrates and fat
What converts most non glucose monosaccharides into glucose?
The liver
What 2 things show how foods affect our blood glucose level?
The glycemic and index
The Recommended Dietary Allowance for adults is how many grams of carbohydrates per day?
130
What are the 3 most common monosaccharides in our diet?
Glucose, fructose, and galactose
How many kcal of energy per gram does Carbohydrates provide?
4
Endurance athletes can increase their storage of muscle glycogen through what?
Carbohydrate loading
What 2 hormones are responsible for our "fight-or-flight" reaction to danger?
Epinephrine and norepinephrine
Added sugars are sugars and syrups that are added to food during what 2 things
Processing or preparation
What is Glucose's preferred source of energy for?
The brain
What does Carbohydrates spare?
Protein
What is excreted from the large intestine?
Fiber
What lowers blood sugars by facilitating uptake of glucose by blood cells?
Insulin
High sugars intake is associated with what 2 things?
Diabetes and obesity
What is the nondigestible parts of plants that form the support structures of leaves, stems, and seeds?
Dietary fiber
What do Carbohydrates prevent?
Ketoacidosis
What does digestion break down most Carbohydrates into?
Monosaccharides
What does not stimulate insulin release?
Fructose
A diet high in added sugars is associated with unhealthful changes in what?
Blood lipids