Protein Pathway in a Cell
1. What is the role of vesicles in protein transport?
→ They carry proteins between organelles like the ER and Golgi body
1. What is a mutagen?
→ An environmental factor that causes changes in DNA
1. How many pairs of chromosomes does a human have?
23
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribo-nucleic acid
1. Which part of the cell protects and supports a plant cell but is not found in animal cells?
→ Cell wall
2. What does the Golgi body do with proteins?
→ It modifies, packages, and prepares them for transport
2. How can a mutation lead to disease?
→ By changing the instructions to make a protein, causing it to work incorrectly
2. What are chromosomes made of?
DNA material
Which nucleotides pair with eachother?
A-T
C-G
2. What part of the cell allows materials like oxygen and nutrients to pass through while blocking others?
→ Cell membrane
3. Why is the ribosome important for the cell?
→ It’s the site where proteins are made
3. What type of mutation adds an extra base into the DNA sequence?
Addition
3. If two cells have the same DNA, how can they do different jobs?
→ Different genes are turned on in each cell
3. Which base is found in RNA but not in DNA?
→ Uracil
3. What is the main function of the cytoplasm in a cell?
→ It holds organelles in place and allows materials to move around
4. What happens to proteins after they are packaged by the Golgi body?
→ They are sent to their destination inside or outside the cell
4. What type of mutation removes a base from the DNA sequence?
→ Deletion
4. What structure inside the nucleus contains genetic material?
Chromosomes
4. What would the complementary DNA strand be for: A-T-G-C-C-A?
→ T-A-C-G-G-T
4. Which organelle stores materials and helps keep the shape of plant cells?
→ Large central vacuole
5. What would happen if vesicles could not fuse with the cell membrane?
→ Proteins would not be able to exit the cell
5. Why might a certain type of mutation have no effect on a person?
→ Because it doesn’t change the whatever the gene codes for
5. Why are proteins so important to the body?
→ They perform specific functions like building structures
4. What are three parts of a DNA molecule?
- sugar
- phosphate
-nitrogenous base
5. If a cell didn’t have a nucleus, what major function would it not be able to do?
→ Control activities and store DNA