chapter 4
When PC1 send an IP packet to PC11, PC1 first considers the match to math subnetting, PC1 concludes that PC11’s IP address is in the same subnet as PC1
How does the PC1 consider its matches?
The TCP/IP network layer defines many functions beyond the function defined by the IPv4 protocol.
What does the TCP/IP network layer define?
The difference between TCP and UDP is that TCP establishes and terminates connections between the endpoints where UDP does not.
How does TCP and UDP differs?
The OSI transport layer defines several functions, the most important of which are error recovery and flow control. Likewise, the TCP/IP transport layer protocols also implement these same types of features.
What do the OSI transport layer and the TCP/IP have in common?
If the command prompt lists the hostname by a> the user is is in user mode.
What happens if the host name is “a>” ?
When a router receives a data link frame addressed to that router’s data link address, the router needs to think about processing the contents of the frame.
What does the router need to think when a data link frame is addressed to a routers data link?
The primary tool for testing basic network connectivity is the ping command.
What is the primary tool for testing basic network connectivity?
SYN means “synchronize the sequence numbers” which is one necessary component initialization for TCP.
What does SYN means?
TCP provides error recovery and helps to avoid flow control, whereas UDP does not. As a result, many application protocols choose to use TCP.
How is TCP different from UDP?
If the hostname is followed by the #, the user is in enable mode.
What happens if the hostname is “#” ?
The Network numbers and subnet numbers represent a group of addresses that begin with the same profit.
How do the network number and subnet numbers are represented?
Enterprises use the DNS process to resolve names into the marching IP address.
What do enterprises use?
The three way connection establishment flow is also called a three way handshake.
How is called the three way connection establishment flow?
TCP provides error recovery and helps to avoid flow control, whereas UDP does not. As a result, many application protocols choose to use TCP.
Why UDP does not offer error recovery and flow control?
The reload command tells the switch to reboot cisco IOS.
What is the function of the reload command?
PC1 sends the packet to its default router PC1 first builds the IP packet with a destination address of PC2’s IP address which is 150.150.4.10.
How does the PC1 send packets to its default router?
IP routing logic requires that hosts and routers encapsulate IP packets inside data link layer frames.
What IP routing logic requires ?
To accomplish reliability, TCP number data bytes uses the Sequence and Acknowledgement fields in the TCP header.
In what does TCP depends to provide reliable data transfer?
UDP needs fewer bytes in its header compared to TCP, resulting in fewer bytes of overhead in the network. UDP does not slow down data transfer in cases where TCP does
What are some of the benefits of UDP by offering fewer services?
IOS rejects the reload command when used in user mode.
Why can the reload command only be used from enable mode?
R1 processes the incoming frame and forwards the packet to R2.
What does the R1 processes?
The first thing that hosts or router checks its ARP cache the correct IP address and matching address
When a host or a router want to send packets, what is the first thing they need to check?
Before the device in the right sends the the third TCP segment in the sequence it notifies the application that the application is coming down.
What happens before the device in the right sends the the third TCP segment in the sequence?
Each TCP/IP application chooses to use either TCP or UDP based on the application’s requirements.
How does an application decides to use TCP or UDP?
Then the user moves to enable mode- also called privileged mode.
What is another name for enable mode?