Mexico Wins Independence
What was the name of the speech that Hidalgo gave to the people that started the fight for independence?
The Cry of Dolores
During secularization, who took control of property that belonged to the missions?
The Mexican government
A man who owned a ranch was called a ranchero. What was the name of a woman who owned a ranch?
A ranchera
What are the name of the mountains that pioneers had to cross to get into California?
The Sierra Nevada mountaints
What is one of the first from a group or a country to enter or settle a place?
A pioneer
How many years of fighting passed before Mexico won Independence from Spain?
11 years
Mexico's new laws made everyone an equal citizen, but not all people received fair treatment. Who was not treated well?
The Native Americans
What is a vaquero?
A Mexican cowboy/cowhand
Who was the first American to reach Alta California by land?
Jedidiah Strong Smith
What is a rancho?
A cattle ranch
Why did none of the Alta Californians not hear about the war?
The government of Spain paid little attention to Alta California because they were so far away. They never got to hear about the war.
What was a diputacion?
An assembly, or group of citizens, that made laws.
What is a pueblo?
A city or town that was a center for business and trade
What was the name of the party of pioneers that got stranded in the Sierra Nevada mountains?
The Donner Party
What is the name of a good made in the US that is sold in another country?
An export
Why were people in New Spain unhappy with the Spanish rule?
Unjust laws gave most of the power to rich people from Spain
Who received most of the land grants?
Rich Californios
Homes in pueblos were made of what?
Adobe
What was the main stop in California that pioneers traveled to once they made it into California?
Sutter's Fort
What is an import?
A good bought from another country
Did Mexico start their new government with an Emperor or a republic? What happened that caused the type of government to change?
Augustin de Iturbide became Emperor of Mexico. He was forced out because he was too harsh, so they set up a republic instead.
In 1822, who was chosen to lead Alta California?
Luis Antonio Arguello
Who were the leaders of pueblos? What were their jobs?
What was the name of the governor that wanted to stop pioneers from getting into California?
Pio Pico
What is secularization?
When the Mexican government took control of the Missions and gave away a lot of their land