A mental dictionary that is organized according to meaningful relationships between words
What is mental lexicon
100
The tendency of the learner’s brain to compare aspects of L2 to what it has already learned about L1
What is transfer
100
- Speaking is an innate ability whereas reading is not
- This is due to the fact that reading isn’t encoded in our genes as a survival skill
What is Differences between the acts of speaking and reading
100
Pre-alphabetic: Use visual cues to connect meaning and pronunciation
Partial Alphabetic: Commits printed words to memory by connecting one or more printed letter with corresponding sounds
Full alphabetic: Remembers how to read by making accurate connections between letters in word and phonemes to pronounce
Consolidated Alphabetic: Notices multi letter sequences that are common to words stored in memory
What is Phases of learning written vocabulary in a new language
200
Poor correspondence between how a word is spelled and pronounced.
What is deep orthography
200
Individual phonemes to syllables to words to sentences
What is Stages of phonological awareness
200
If a student learns something in one language they can transfer to another
**Not helpful if ELL home language is EXTREMELY different i.e arabic or russian
What is Relationship between learning to read in a home language and reading achievement in an additional language
300
Close correspondence between letters and the sounds they represent.
What is shallow orthography
300
Phonemic awareness is a subcategory under phonological awareness. Phonemic awareness is the understanding that words are made up of individual sounds and can be manipulated to create words.
What is Difference between phonological awareness and phonemic awareness
300
Use paired bilingual instruction
Can improve ability to read quicker
What is Relationship between ability to speak and read in an additional language
400
a complex network of nerves and cells that carry messages to and from the brain and spinal cord to various parts of the body
What is neural systems
400
Deep: It is difficult to recognize patterns and affects the learners ability to sell with accuracy and read with meaning
Shallow: Easier to spell a new word correctly once rules are fully mastered
What is Implications of deep vs. shallow orthography when learning languages
400
Lack of background knowledge
Prior educational experience is substandard or interrupted
Cultural differences
Language level of text
What is Reasons why reading comprehension in English is more difficult for English learners than native English speakers
500
The understanding that spoken words are made up of phonemes and that the phonemes are represented in written text as letters.
What is alphabetic principle
500
Alphabetic: The actual word dog, use letters, phonemic awareness
Logographic: The actual picture of a dog, ex languages are Chinese and Korean
What is Alphabetic vs. logographic writing systems