Cell Envelope Basics
This bacterial structure is commonly referred to as the "cell wall"
Peptidoglycan
This type of bacteria has a thick peptidoglycan and no outer membrane.
Gram-positive bacteria
This term describes spherical-shaped bacteria.
coccus
This structure provides motility to bacteria.
flagellum
nucleoid
This membrane encloses the cytoplasm and is selectively permeable.
plasma (cytoplasmic) membrane
This molecule, found in Gram-positive bacteria, helps strengthen the cell wall.
Teichoic acid
Rod-shaped bacteria are called this.
bacillus
These structures help bacteria attach to surfaces but do not provide movement.
fimbriae
Bacterial ribosomes are classified as this size.
70S ribosomes
This structure projects bacteria from lysis and maintains cell shape.
Peptidoglycan
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
This spiral-shaped bacterium is flexible rather than rigid.
spirochete
This gel-like polysaccharide layer is associated with virulence.
capsule
This allows antibiotics to target bacteria without harming eukaryotic cells.
Difference between 70S and 80S ribosomes
Cell wall
These bacteria are less susceptible to cell wall damage due to an outer membrane.
Gram-negative bacteria
Cocci arranged in clusters are called this arrangement.
staphylococci
This structure aids in bacterial mating and contributes to antibiotic resistance.
pili
This internal structure provides shape and may be a future antibiotic target.
cytoskeleton
This enzyme damages the bacterial cell wall by breaking bonds between NAG and NAM.
lysozyme
Escherichia coli is an example of this bacterial classification.
Gram-negative bacteria
This term describes bacteria with variable shapes.
Pleomorphic
The energy for flagellar motion comes from this gradient.
proton gradient
This highly dehydrated structure allows bacteria to survive extreme conditions.
endospore