Chapter 4 Review

Light

100

This is the distance between corresponding points on adjacent waves

Wavelength

200

This is the number of times a wave passes a given point

Frequency

300

Shorter wavelengths have a ______ frequency and _______ energy.

higher; more

400

This is Planck's constant

6.6261 * 10^-34

500

This is the visual light with the lowest energy

red light

Vocab/terms

100

Electrons excited from their ground state ______ energy.

absorb

200

This is the light emitted when an electron falls to a lower energy level

photon

300

This is an electron in its lowest energy state

ground state

400

This is the minimum amount of energy that can be gained or lost by an atom

a quantum

500

This is a continuous range of frequencies

a spectrum

Configurations

100

This is the electron configuration for beryllium (Be)

1s² 2s²

200

This is the electron configuration for aluminum (Al)

1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p¹

300

This is the abbreviated electron configuration for vanadium (V)

[Ar] 4s² 3d³

400

This is the abbreviated electron configuration for rhenium (Re)

[Xe] 6s² 4f¹⁴ 5d⁵

500

This is the element denoted by 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶ 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p²

Tin (Sn)

Quantum theory, Einstein, and Planck

100

This is the number of lobes in the d orbital

5 lobes

200

This is the movement of electrons into a higher or lower energy level

quantum leap

300

This is the characteristic of the duality of light as theorized by Einstein

Dual wave-particle nature; light can be a particle or a wave

400

This effect is supported by Einstein and Planck’s theories

the photoelectric effect

500

These numbers specify the properties of atomic orbitals and the properties of electrons in orbitals

quantum numbers

Rules and principles

100

This is the number of electrons that can be placed in each orbital (s, p, d, f)

2 electrons, 6 electrons, 10 electrons, 14 electrons

200

This is the principle/rule that states that electrons will fill the lowest orbital first

the Aufbau principle

300

This principle/rule states that no two electrons in the same atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers

Pauli exclusion principle

400

According to Hund’s rule, all electrons in unpaired orbitals must have ________ spins

the same

500

These are the 6 noble gasses

Helium (He), Neon (Ne), Argon (Ar), Krypton (Kr), Xenon (Xe), and Radon (Rn)