Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote
This cell contains a membrane-bound nucleus.
Eukaryotic cell
This cytoskeletal filament is composed of actin protein.
Actin filaments
The structure surrounds the nucleus and contains nuclear pores.
Nuclear envelope
What ER has many ribosomes?
Rough ER
This organelle carries out photosynthesis?
Chloroplast
This region contains DNA in a prokaryotic cell.
Nucleoid
What filaments are tension bearing and maintain cell shape and rigidity?
Intermediate filaments
The organelle contains digestive enzymes and acid hydrolyze enzymes.
Lysosome
This helps with detoxification and is the site of lipid synthesis.
Smooth ER
Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own ___.
DNA
Name at least one structure found both in prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cells.
Plasma membrane, DNA, ribosomes, cytoplasm
These filaments separate chromosomes during cell division.
Microtubules
The fluid portion inside cells that surrounds organelles.
Cytosol
The function of this sorts, packages, and processes proteins.
Golgi Apparatus
These organelles divide using this bacterial-like process.
Binary Fission
Why can eukaryotic cells perform more specialized functions?
They have membrane-bound organelles that compartmentalize cellular functions.
Motor proteins use these filaments to move cargo throughout the cell.
Microtubules
List as many portions in the endomembrane system off of your head.
Nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum (rough and smooth), Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, and plasma membrane.
What is the order of a secreted protein in organelles?
Rough ER -> Golgi -> Vesicle -> Plasma Membrane
Which organelle is not a part of the endosymbiotic theory?
(a) Smooth ER
(b) Rough ER
(c) Golgi
(d) Nucleolus
(D)
A cell has DNA, ribosomes, and a plasma membrane, but no nucleus. What type of cell is it?
Prokaryotic cell
List all three cytoskeletal filaments types
Microtubules, intermediate filaments, and actin filaments
Describe the importance and relationship among the components of the endomembrane system.
They form a connected membrane network that synthesizes, modifies, sorts, transports, cellular materials through vesicles.
Why is Rough ER different from Smooth ER?
The Rough ER specializes in protein synthesis and is covered in ribosomes. The smooth ER focuses on metabolizations, lipid synthesis, and detoxification without ribosomes.
What are at least two pieces of evidence of the endosymbiotic theory?
DNA, Binary Fission, Genomes are very small