Lesson 1: Earth's Landforms
Name 3 of earth's landforms
mountain, hill, valley, canyon, cliff, plain, plateau, desert, beach, dune
What is a geologist?
A scientist who studies the structure and history of Earth
What is a fault?
A crack in the rock of the lithosphere
What is the atmosphere?
Consists of gases around and above earth.
Wispy clouds that form at high altitudes are called;
1.Cumulus clouds
2.Cirrus clouds
3.Stratus clouds
4.Fog
Cirrus clouds
A giant wave caused by an earthquake under the ocean is
1. focus
2. mercalli
3. Tsunami
4.Epicenter
Tsunami
What is the theory of plate tectonics?
Explains how earth's continents move
What is magnitude?
The measure of energy released during an earthquake.
What is insolation?
The solar energy that reaches Earth's surface.
What creates a valley breeze?
In the morning; sunlight warms mountain slopes. As the warm air rises, cool air from the valley moves up to take it's place; creating a valley breeze.
Trenches, rift valleys, and abyssal plains are all
1.features of topographical maps
2. features of the ocean floor
3. examples of water features
4. examples of land features
2. Features of the ocean floor
What separates South America and Africa today?
An ocean
What are the 3 types of volcanoes?
Cinder cone, shield, and composite cone
What are the layers of Earth? (There are 5)
core, hydrosphere, atmosphere, mantle, crust
What is a front?
A meeting place between air masses.
A map that uses shading to show elevations is called a
Relief Map
What happens to hot rock when it reaches an opening in the ocean floor?
The hot rock can cool and sink back down toward the core or it can cool and create new dust.
What is the difference between the Mercalli Scale and the Richter Scale?
The Richter scale measures the amount of energy released by an earthquake. The Mercalli Scale measures the effects of an earthquake.
All weather occurs in Earth's
1. Thermosphere
2. Troposphere
3. Stratosphere
4. Exosphere
Troposphere
What is weather?
The condition of the atmosphere at a specific time and place
What are earths layers? (There are 5)
Inner core, Outer core, Lower Mantle, Upper Mantle, and Crust
Do underground convection cells heat our atmosphere?
No; Earth's core provides the heat
How might magma change a landform without reaching the surface?
The magma pressing against the rock above it might have enough pressure to push that rock upward, or magma can cool into stone beneath the surface and then be revealed as a surface erodes.
What kind of weather can be expected with a low-pressure system?
Warm and humid air has lower pressure than cold, dry air, so low-pressure systems usually are associated with warm and rainy or stormy weather.
How can an earthquake be compared to tossing a rock into a pond?
An earthquake has a spot where slipping begins; called a focus. The spot where a rock hits the water in a pond is similar to a focus because waves travel outward in all directions from that spot; in the same way water moves when you toss a rock into a pond.