Conflict in the Ohio River Valley
What land were the British and French fighting over in North America?
The Ohio River Valley
Why did Britain begin taxing the colonies after the French and Indian War?
Britain was in debt from the war and wanted the colonies to help pay for their defense.
What was the First Continental Congress?
A meeting of delegates from 12 colonies in 1774 to discuss how to respond to British laws.
Who was Pontiac, and what did he do?
Pontiac was an Ottawa leader who led a rebellion against British rule after the war (Pontiac’s Rebellion).
What is a colony?
A territory controlled by another country, like how the 13 Colonies were controlled by Britain.
What role did American Indian groups play in the war?
They allied with either the British or the French to protect their land and way of life.
What was the Sugar Act?
A tax on sugar and molasses imported into the colonies.
Why did the Congress decide to stop trade with Britain?
To pressure Britain into repealing the Coercive (Intolerable) Acts.
What was the Proclamation of 1763, and why did it anger colonists?
What is a militia?
A group of volunteer soldiers who fight in emergencies, like the colonial militias before the American Revolution.
They allied with either the British or the French to protect their land and way of life.
The French seized the fort first and defeated George Washington’s troops in 1754, but the British later took it in 1758 after the French abandoned it.
What does the phrase "No taxation without representation" mean?
Colonists did not have representatives in British Parliament but were still being taxed, which they felt was unfair.
What was the purpose of the First Continental Congress?
The purpose was to unite the colonies in response to British laws, discuss their concerns, and decide how to resist British control.
What was the Stamp Act, and how did colonists respond?
What does repeal mean?
To cancel or take back a law, like how Britain repealed the Stamp Act.
How did William Pitt change the war for the British?
He poured more money, troops, and supplies into the war, helping Britain turn the tide and start winning battles.
How did groups like the Sons of Liberty protest British taxes?
They held protests, boycotted British goods, and sometimes used violence against tax collectors.
The purpose was to unite the colonies in response to British laws, discuss their concerns, and decide how to resist British control.
To punish Boston for the Boston Tea Party (these were called the Coercive Acts, or Intolerable Acts).
Why did Britain repeal the Stamp Act in 1766?
British merchants were losing money from colonial boycotts.
What does boycott mean?
To refuse to buy goods as a form of protest, like when colonists boycotted British goods.
What were the results of the Treaty of Paris (1763)?
What was a boycott, and why was it an effective form of protest?
A boycott is when people refuse to buy goods to make a statement. It was effective because British merchants lost money and pressured Parliament to repeal taxes.
How did the First Continental Congress help move the colonies closer to war?
By uniting the colonies against Britain, encouraging them to prepare militias, and rejecting British control.
What was the Boston Massacre, and how did it impact the colonies?
What is a Patriot and what is a Loyalist?