Igneous Rocks
Molten rock beneath earth's surface
What is magma
This process transports sediment via wind, water, and gravity from one location to a different location
What is erosion?
Along with the addition of chemical fluids rocks need these two things to undergo metamorphism
What is pressure and temperature?
This is defined as natural, solid mixture of minerals or particles
What is a rock
These are the three types of rocks
What is igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks
This volcanic rock forms from cooling lava. The lava cools so fast that crystals don't have time to form
What is obsidian /what is volcanic glass
These are sedimentary rocks that are made of minerals that crystallize directly from water
What are chemical rocks?
This pattern, as seen in rocks like schist and gneiss, is found in metamorphic rocks where bands or layers of minerals can be seen
What is foliation?
These are igneous rocks that form from cooling lava on the Earth's surface
What are extrusive igneous rocks?
This is defined as rock material that is broken down into smaller pieces or dissolved in water as rocks erode
What is sediment?
This is a light vesicular (has wholes in it) igneous rock that can float on water
What is pumice?
Is the process when liquid is squeezed out of rocks and the space between the grains in a sediment deposit decreases
What is compaction?
This is the process that affects structure or composition of rocks in the solid state; occurs dues to changes in heat, pressure, or the addition of chemical fluids
What is Metamorphism?
This is defined as sediment or rock added to a landform
What is a deposit?
These are naturally inorganic solid with a definite chemical composition and an orderly arrangement of atoms. These are also the building blocks of rocks
What are minerals?
These form in igneous rocks and need time to grow. They are larger in rocks that form underground and can either be small or nonexistent in rocks that form above ground
What are crystals / What are mineral crystals?
This is final process for sedimentary rocks to form and is a combination of compaction and cementation
What is lithification?
Also called a protolith, this is the another name scientists call existing rocks before they undergo metamorphism
What is a parent rock?
This type of sedimentary rock was formed by organisms or contains the remains of organisms
What are Biochemical Rocks?
Granite which has large crystals and forms underground is an example of this type of rock.
What is an Igneous Rock?
This is a course grained intrusive igneous rock that is said to have a salt and pepper color appearance.
Hint: Think back to your igneous rock lab
What is Diorite
Like Dolomite, Coquina, and Travertine this rock has the property of effervescence (fizzing) which can be seen when this rock comes into contact with hydrochloric acid.
Hint: This was discussed in our sedimentary rock lab
What is limestone?
This is the permanent change in rock shape caused by bending and folding
What is plastic Deformation?
In science this is defined as to appear visible
What is exposure?
Intrusive igneous rocks can make there way to Earth's surface due to these two processes.
What is erosion and weathering?