Show:
Rock Cycle
Igneous Rock
Sedimentary Rock
Metamorphic Rock
100
What are the three main types of rock?
Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic
100
What are the two types of igneous rock and where does each form?
Intrusive-forms inside the earth Extrusive-forms on the surface of the earth
100
What are the two main processes that have to do with sediment formation?
Weathering and Erosion
100
What does the word "Metamorphism" mean?
change shape
200
What are the two processes that turn rock into igneous rock?
Melting and cooling
200
Why does igneous rock have different textures?
Coarse grained had longer to cool and the crystals had longer to grow, while fine grained cooled rapidly and the crystals had less time to grow.
200
What are the two main processes having to do with sediment becoming sedimentary rock?
Compaction and Cementation
200
What are the two processes that form metamorphic rock? What causes the change in each?
Contact Metamorphism, heat. Regional Metamorphism, pressure.
300
What are the two main processes that turn rock into sediment?
Weathering and erosion
300
What causes magma to form?
Increase in heat or decrease in pressure
300
What are strata and why are they important to scientists?
Strata are rock layers. They show the relative age of rocks.
300
What are the two main types metamorphic rock? How can you tell them apart?
Foliated-Has mineral alignment/layers Non-Foliated-does not have mineral alignment
400
What are the two main processes that turn rock into metamorphic rock?
Heat and Pressure
400
What are the two different compositions of igneous rock? What color is each?
Mafic (dark) and Felsic (light)
400
How were many of the formations at Yehliu formed? Explain.
Differential Erosion. The top rock layer was more durable so it wore away more slowly while the lower layers are softer and wear away more quickly.
400
Give an example of an index mineral and explain how it is used.
Garnet- rocks with garnet form at 700-1200 degrees C, and 25-60 km deep in the earth. Chlorite- 400 degrees C, 4-32 km Muscovite Mica- 700 degrees C, 5-34 km
500
What is the most common type of rock on earth's surface and why?
Sedimentary rock, because weathering and erosion occurs everywhere, while processes to form the other rock types occur only in special places.
500
If granite is intrusive igneous rock, and the Sierra Nevada Mountains in California are made of Granite, why are they not under ground? ( One of two reasons)
Weathering and erosion has taken away rock layers exposing intrusive igneous rock formations and plate tectonics has pushed up intrusive igneous rock formations.
500
What are the three types of sedimentary rock and how does each form? Give an example of each.
Clastic-Small pieces of rock stuck together by a mineral. Sandstone Chemical-rocks that form from the evaporation of a solution. Salt. Organic-formed from cemented plant and animal remains. Coal.
500
Why is there metamorphic rock in the central mountains of Taiwan? What type of metamorphism formed this metamorphic rock?
Incredible pressure that was exerted when Taiwan was pushed up out of the ocean by plate tectonics. Regional formed this type of metamorphic rock.