Consciousness
What is the state of wakefulness with the highest level of sensory awareness?
Waking Consciousness
What is the name of the internal process that regulates the sleep-wake cycle?
circadian rhythm
Trying a mind altering substance once or twice is referred to as?
substance use
States of consciousness that include sleep, dreaming, and daydreaming are called?
Natural states
What type of bias is best described by first impressions?
Primacy Bias
The textbook defines consciousness as...
awareness of internal and external stimuli
The light-sensitive neurons tht detect light and signal to the body to rest or slepp is located where?
back of the retina
The new term replacing "substance abuse" in science is?
Substance Use Disorder (SUD)
mental health, environment, personality, and what other factor predict why people get "hooked" on consciousness-altering substances?
genetics
During what stage of sleep does heartbeat and respiration increase?
stage 1 sleep
What brain structure is responsible for regulating balance in the body?
Hypothalamus
A sleep disorder where an individual's airway becomes blocked during sleep is know as...
sleep apnea
What is the name of the neurotransmitter that lets your body know that it is receiving high rewards from substance use?
Dopamine
What effect describes how substances change brain patterns and also affects everyday life, such as work, school, grades, relationships, sports performance, and family?
ripple effect
Insufficient sleep on a chronic basis can cause...
sleep debt
Being tired, thirsty, or in pain are examples of what type of stimuli?
internal
What stage of sleep do sleep spindles appear?
2
A common myth about addiction is that it due to weak willpower, but is actually due to...
biology
Pain management has been studied and applied through altered states with positive outcomes using what form of psychological technique?
Hypnosis
Crack is more addictive than cocaine because...
it is smokeable and therefore reaches the brain faster
What kind of stimuli are weather, sounds, voices, and how comfortable our environment is?
external stimuli
When someone is aware of a dream and can concentrate and actively change the dream, it is known as...
lucid dreaming
Sinking a basketball, eating piza, playing a game, or laughing with friends are what type of reward?
natural
The addiction cycle keeps people stuck in addiction. What are the three parts of the addiction cycle?
tolerance-->dependence-->withdrawal
If one person is a "night owl" and the other is a "morning person," what makes them different is their...
chronotypes