Key Figures
Infancy
Childhood
Adulthood
Other
100
Who studied attachment differences between children with sensitive, responsive mothers and children with insensitive, unresponsive mothers?
Who is Mary Ainsworth?
100
What is it called when infants display a fear of strangers?
What is stranger anxiety?
100
What is the disorder that is marked by deficient communication, social interaction, and understanding of others' states of mind?
What is autism spectrum disorder?
100
What are the three different parenting styles?
What are Authoritarian, Permissive, and Authoritative?
100
What is the branch of psychology called that studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the lifespan?
What is developmental psychology?
200
Who created the "moral ladder" to organize the development of moral reasoning?
Who is Lawrence Kohlberg?
200
What is the awareness that things continue to exist even when not perceived called?
What is object permanence?
200
What is the stage of cognitive development during which children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about concrete events?
What is the Concrete Operational Stage?
200
What is a progressive and irreversible brain disorder where memory, reasoning, language, and physical functioning deteriorate?
What is Alzheimer's Disease?
200
What are all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communication called?
What is cognition?
300
What is the first stage in the moral ladder?
What is the preconventional stage?
300
What is the sense that the world is predictable and trustworthy called?
What is basic trust?
300
What is the name for the culturally preferred timing of social events such as marriage, parenthood, and retirement?
What is the Social Clock?
300
What is the sense of one's identity and personal worth called?
What is self-concept?
400
Who believed that females more than men focus less on being concerned with viewing themselves with separate individuals and in being more concerned with making connections?
Who is Carol Gilligan?
400
What is the optimal period shortly after birth when an organism's exposure to certain stimuli or experiences produces development?
What is the critical period?
400
What is an emotional tie with another person?
What is attachment?
400
What is the principle (which Piaget believed to be part of concrete operational reasoning) that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite the forms of objects?
What is conservation?
500
Who said that children talk to themselves, either internally or verbally, in order to help them learn new skills and control behavior and emotions?
Who is Lev Vygotsky?
500
What is it called when infants decrease responsiveness with repeated stimuli?
What is habituation?
500
An ostrich sticking its head in the sand is an example of what?
What is egocentrism?
500
What is authoritarian parenting?
500
What is the process by which certain animals form attachments during a critical period very early in life?
What is imprinting?