Earth's Landforms
Define peninsula
A peninsula is a piece of land that is surrounded by water on three sides and connected to a larger landmass on one side.
What is the name of the theorized 'supercontinent"
Pangea
Where will you find most volcanoes?
Along plate lines, where two plates meet.
Which wave moves the fastest?
Primary, Secondary or surface?
primary
chemical weathering
What type of map uses lines to show elevation?
Topographic Map
What do you call hot melted rock below earth's crust?
Magma
A volcano that does not erupt for some time.
What is an epicenter?
the point on earths surface directly above the focus of an earthquake.
What created most of Minnesota's Lakes?
glaciers
Hydrosphere
What evidence was found that supported continental drift on the east coast of South America and the west coast of Africa?
Same type of rocks that were the same age as well as fossils from the same plants and animals.
When plates pass over a stationary pool of magma, it is called a ___________?
Hot spot
What are tsunamis?
huge waves caused by an underwater earthquake
slow-moving
Which layer of earth is made of liquid metal?
Outer core
What are deep cracks in Earth's crust called?
Faults
What is the difference between an island chain and island arc?
chain is a line of volcanic mountains
arc: areas where an ocean floor plate pushes under another ocean-floor plate.
Island Arc = Arc + plate boundary + volcanoes.
Island Chain = Chain of islands formed in many ways, not always volcanic.
What direction to Primary waves move?
what direction to secondary waves move?
primary waves go back and forth
secondary go up and down
How does water crack rocks apart?
Getting in cracks, freezing/expanding and pushing rock apart. Thaw and repeat until it pushes enough that it cracks apart.
What is the deepest part of the ocean floor called?
Trenches
When a continental plate is compressed, the ground is forced upward, producing what type of mountain?
Folded Mountains
Describe a shield volcano AND how it is made.
built by thinner, fluid lava that spreads over a large area. These mountains have a board base and gently sloping sides.
Damage to buildings is reduced in earthquakes by placing layers of what between a building and its foundation?
rubber and steel
Explain how erosion and deposition work together using running water
running water will erode/weather rock and move it from one place to another. Deposition is when those pieces of rock and dropped off in another place.