Macromolecules
Name the four major classes of macromolecules.
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
The simplest carbohydrates are called:
Monosaccharides
What reaction builds polymers?
Dehydration
Plant energy storage molecule:
Starch
What do enzymes do?
Speed up chemical reactions
Large complex molecules made of smaller units are called
Macromolecules / polymers
What is the main function of carbohydrates in cells?
Energy source
What reaction breaks polymers?
Hydrolysis
Animal energy storage molecule:
Glycogen
Are enzymes used up in reactions?
No
Which macromolecule is NOT a true polymer?
Lipids
Two monosaccharides joined together form a:
Disaccharide
What is lost during a dehydration reaction?
Water
Plant cell wall molecule:
Cellulose
Enzymes are which type of macromolecule?
Proteins
The small building blocks of polymers are called:
Monomers
The bond that joins sugars is called:
Glycosidic linkage
What is added during hydrolysis?
Water
Fungal and arthropod structural molecule:
Chitin
What happens if enzyme shape changes?
It won’t work properly
Which macromolecule stores genetic information?
Nucleic acids
Name one structural carbohydrate.
Cellulose or chitin
Which reaction forms starch from glucose?
Dehydration synthesis
Why can humans digest starch but not cellulose?
Different glycosidic linkages (alpha vs beta)
What reaction would an enzyme help with in digestion?
Hydrolysis