Explain what happens in a patient with this condition.
Meal-hyperglycemia-responds with excess insulin-hyperinsulinemia-hypoglycemia
100
Peak age of onset
adolescence
100
Name 3 most common signs of DM.
Polyphagia, Polydipsia, and polyuria
100
Which test is based off the 3 month life of hemoglobin?
A1C
100
T or F: Alcohol can be consumed in larger amounts because it does not affect BG.
False
200
Name 3 risk factors for this condition.
low birth weight
reduced physical activity
smoking
native american,asian, south pacific islander, african, or spanish
born to mother with gestational DM
200
If ratio is correct in relation to carb counting, BG will return to premeal BG level within how many points?
30
200
Name one hormone besides insulin that is involved in BG management.
glucagon, epi, adrenalin, cortisol, or growth hormone
200
What is the normal range of BG if controlled even after meals?
increased physical activity
at least 8 hrs of sleep a night
follow a diet recommended by the MyPyramid
300
How does exercise help lower BG in type 1 DM?
helps use BG for energy needs which results in lowered BG
300
Explain the Dawn Phenomenon.
increased release of counterregulatory hormones decreases insulin's effectiveness, usually when about to wake
300
How is DM diagnosed?
With FBG>126 or any BG >200
300
Name 3 symptoms of hypoglycemia.
weakness, confusion, headache, clammy skin,tremors, rapid heartbeat, and doubled or blurred vision
400
What 3 conditions make up the metabolic syndrome?
central obesity
HTN
dyslipidemia
400
Why does this type always require insulin?
Pancreas does not make insulin at all.
400
Explain the Somogyi effect.
a high BG always follows a low BG
400
What is the normal range of BG?
70-120
400
Explain the 15:15 rule.
treat hypoglycemia with 15 g of carbs and repeat BG in 15 mins
500
Describe the role of glucagon with this condition.
release is inhibited
500
Peak season of onset
Winter
500
Explain carb counts r/t this condition, including how the amount of carbs is chosen and how may points involved.
1. based on individual pt
2. 50
500
What is the ideal result of the A1C?
5%
500
Explain the use of a glucagon kit r/t hypoglycemia.
used on a pt that is unconscious. inject saline into vial with glucagon tablet and shake to dissolve it. Roll pt on side in case of vomiting and apply in large muscle.