The Great Plains
What large region of grasslands stretched from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains?
The Great Plains
Gold discovered in what state in 1858 brought settlers and conflict with Native Americans?
Colorado
What breed of cattle was popular in Texas and came from Spain?
Longhorn
What two railroad companies built the transcontinental railroad?
Union and Central pacific
Who invented the steel plow in 1837?
John Deere
Who used a steam engine to drill for oil in 1859?
Edwin Drake
What steel magnate used vertical and horizontal integration to dominate his industry
Andrew Carnegie
What was the farmers’ organization founded by Oliver Kelley in 1867?
The grange
What animal was central to the Plains Indians’ way of life?
What trail ran through Sioux hunting grounds and led to the Fetterman Massacre?
Bozeman
What major cattle route stretched from Texas through Oklahoma to Kansas?
Chisholm trail
Where did the Central Pacific and Union Pacific tracks meet?
Promontory, Utah
Who invented barbed wire in 1874?
Joseph Glidden
What process made steel lighter, stronger, and rust-resistant?
The Bessemer process
Who founded Standard Oil?
John D. Rockefeller
What political party grew out of the Grange and Farmers’ Alliances?
The populist party
What 1864 event saw U.S. troops kill up to 150 Native Americans, mostly women and children?
Sand Creek Massacre
Who had a vision of victory before the Battle of Little Bighorn?
Sitting bull
What was the name of the long journey cowboys took to move cattle to railroads?
What 1862 law offered 160 acres of free land to settlers?
Homestead act
What 1862 and 1890 acts established agricultural colleges?
The Morrill Acts
What invention by Thomas Edison in 1880 transformed everyday life?
The Incandescent lightbulb.
What term described businessmen who used ruthless tactics to get rich?
What act in 1878 added $2 million in silver coins to the money supply?
Bland-Allison act
What Sioux leader refused to sign the Treaty of Fort Laramie?
What act in 1887 aimed to “Americanize” Native Americans by breaking up reservations?
Dawes act
Who was the famous marshal killed while holding the “dead man’s hand”?
Wild Bill Hickok
What group of African Americans moved from the South to Kansas?
Exodusters
What nickname was given to the Great Plains because of its agricultural success?
The breadbasket of the nation
Who invented the typewriter?
Christopher Sholes
What 1890 law made monopolies illegal?
Who gave the “Cross of Gold” speech?
William Jennings Bryan
What 1890 massacre marked the end of the Indian wars?
Battle of Wounded Knee
Who were the two main figures in the Red River War—one U.S. general and one Indian group?
General Philip Sheridan and the Kiowa/Comanche
Who was the famous sharpshooting woman who sometimes dressed as a man
What year did the U.S. Census Bureau declare the frontier closed?
1890
What 1887 act created agricultural experiment stations?
The Hatch act
Who invented the telephone?
Alexander Graham Bell
What was Carnegie’s philosophy that the wealthy should give to worthy causes?
The Gospel of Wealth
What was the central issue of the 1896 election—gold or ______?
Silver