Water-Soluble Vitamins
Where are vitamins absorped
In the small intestines
DRIs for Vitamin D
Infants : 400 IU (10 mcg)
Ages 1-70 : 600 IU (15 mcg)
71+ : 800 IU (20 mcg)
List kcal for Fats, Proteins, Carbs, and Alcohol
Protein - 4
Carbs - 4
Alcohol - 7
The psychological need for food
Appetite
Night Blindness
Vitamin A
Which 2 Vitamin B's help the formation of DNA?
Vitamin B12 and B9
Name the two types of Vitamin K and its sources
Phylloquinone (K1) : Green leafy vegetables
Menaquinones (K2) : Fermented foods, animal products, produced by human gut bacteria
How many calories are in a Kilocalorie
1000 calories
What is Adaptive Thermogenesis
When the body adjusts to how much energy the body uses
Vitamin B(6) deficiency causes
Excessive Vitamin B(6) causes
Anemia, dermatitis, neurological symptoms
Nerve damage
Function of Vitamin C
-supports healing
-iron absorption
-connective tissue
-immunity
D : Comes from the sun, fatty fish, supplements
E : Oils, nuts, seeds
List all DRIs for Vitamin C
9-14 : 45mg per day
Girls 14-18 : 65mg per day
Boys : 75mg per day
Adults, women : 75mg per day
Men : 90mg per day
Aerobic Vs Anaerobic Exercises (Define and Example)
Aerobic- Doing exercises while still being able to breathe and talk normally and
Ex: walking
Anaerobic- Doing exercises that leave you breathless; not breathing normally or elevated
Ex: Running for extended time period
Define rickets and name the vitamin deficiency that goes with it
Vitamin D
Rickets : When the bones are soft and brittle when growing up which can cause bowed legs
Found in children
Which 4 vitamins help break down food for energy?
B1, B2, B3, B5
Name and give sources for the two types of vitamin A
Provitamin A carotenoids : plant pigments the body converts into active vitamin A
Define the unit for kcal, calories, and joule
Kcal = 1000 calories
Calories = 4.184 Joules
1Kcal = 4184 Joules
Positive : More energy in than out
Negative : Less energy in than out
Name the vitamin deficiency that causes Beriberi
Define Beriberi
Vitamin B(1) Thiamin
A disease that harms the cardiovascular and nervous system
Name all the B Complex Vitamins
Thiamin Riboflavin Niacin Folate Biotin Pantothenic Acid Cobalamin Pyridoxine
Name all the fat-soluble vitamins and their functions
A, D, E, K
A: Vision D: Calcium and Bones E: Antioxidants K: Blood Clotting
Define and give examples for BMR and NEAT
Basal Metabolic Rate: how your body uses energy to keep you alive (Ex. Breathing, heart rate ..)
Nonexercise activity thermogenesis: Energy your body uses doing everyday exercise that is not considered formal exercise (Ex. Walking, cleaning room, shopping..)
What does TEF and REE stand for and what do they do
Thermic Effect on Food : How energy is used for digestion
Resting Energy Expenditure : Energy your body uses at rest
What vitamin is associated with scurvy
Vitamin C