Encoding and Retrieval
This principle states that pleasant stimuli are typically remembered more accurately than unpleasant or neutral stimuli.
What is the Pollyanna Principle?
People tend to recall these types of words more accurately than unpleasant or neutral words.
What are pleasant words?
This type of emotional response is tied to a specific stimulus, distinguishing it from a more general mood.
What is an emotion?
According to the Pollyanna Principle, people tend to remember which type of stimuli more accurately than others?
What are pleasant stimuli?
This researcher found that students recalled more pleasant words than unpleasant words in a word-list experiment.
Who is William Balch?
Research shows that people recognize positive and negative stimuli equally well but recall this type of stimulus the least.
What is a neutral stimulus?
This is a more general, long-lasting experience, as opposed to a reaction to a specific stimulus.
What is mood?
In Waring and Kensinger’s (2011) study, participants remembered the background of an image most accurately when the central stimulus was this.
What is neutral?
A study by Waring & Kensinger (2011) found that when people focus on emotionally charged stimuli, they remember this aspect of the image less accurately.
What is the background?
Studies show that encoding context can extend beyond physical surroundings to include this emotional factor.
What is emotional content?
Chapman & Underwood (2000) found that drivers only remembered this percentage of near-accidents after two weeks.
What is 20%?
People quickly forget distressing real-life events, as shown by a study where drivers remembered only 20% of these after two weeks.
What are near-accidents?
According to research, pleasant memories become slightly less pleasant over time, while unpleasant memories become much less unpleasant. This is known as what?
What is the positivity effect?
People with this mental health condition do not experience the positivity effect, remembering unpleasant events just as negatively over time.
What is depression?
In research on memory and emotion, neutral items are often recalled the least accurately, suggesting that this aspect of a stimulus plays a major role in memory.
What is emotional intensity?