Erik Erikson
Who proposed the Psychosocial Theory of Development?
Pre-attachment, attachment in the making, true attachment, and reciprocal relationships
What are the four stages of Attachment?
A subjective feeling, a physiological change, and an overt behavior
What are basic emotions?
Guilt, embarrassment, and pride
What are the types of complex emotions?
Controlling and communicating feelings
What is emotion regulation?
1. Basic Trust vs. Mistrust
2. Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt
3. Initiative vs. Guilt
What are the first three stages of Erikson's psychological development?
Proposed the theory of Attachment
Who is John Bowlby?
2 to 3 months
When is the emotion of sadness developed?
18-24 months
When are complex emotions developed?
Type of behavior that is meant to benefit another person
What is prosocial behavior?
This stage occurs in children between the ages of 3 and 5
What is Initiative vs. Guilt?
Children get frustrated when their caregiver leaves, and greet them when they return
What is Secure Attachment?
Occurs when babies see a human face
What is a social smile?
Children must meet certain expectations and standards to develop these emotions
What are complex emotions?
Having a desire to help others voluntarily
What is altruism?
Children at this stage are entirely dependent on caregivers
What is Basic Trust vs. Mistrust?
Secure attachment, avoidant attachment, resistant attachment, disorganized attachment
What are the four types of Attachment Relationships?
A type of basic emotions that is developed when babies reach 6 months old
What is stranger wariness?
Children experience this development at 15-18 months
What is self-understanding?
Cultural guidelines on how to behave around others
What is social role?
Children at this stage want to do things independently. They also develop shame and self-doubt
What is Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt?
Predicts the relationship between parents and children throughout their lives
What is the quality of attachment during infancy?
Pleasure and distress
What are newborns' basic emotions?
By the age of 5-6, children express these types of complex emotions
What are regret and relief?
Gender Labeling, Gender Stability, Gender Constancy
What are Kohlberg's three stages of Gender Identity?