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DNA/RNA
RNA
Mutations
Mutations
100
The first step in making a protein is making ____from DNA. This process is called ___________.
mRNA; transcription
100
How many nitrogen bases on mRNA form the code for one amino acid?
3
100
mistakes that happen during replication that do not correct are called _______.
mutations
100
Proteins express traits. Because mutations can change proteins, they can cause ______ to change.
traits
200
What are the 3 types of RNA?
1. messenger RNA - mRNA 2. Transfer RNA - tRNA 3. ribosomal RNA - rRNA
200
Each series of 3 nitrogen bases on mRNA is called a _______.
codon
200
Mutations can be triggered by ____________
exposure to x-rays, ultraviolet light, radioactive materials and some chemicals.
200
Some mutations in human DNA can cause _______ _______.
genetic disorders
300
The process of making a protein from RNA is called______.
translation.
300
There are ____ condons but only ____ amino acids.
64; 20
300
3 types of mutations are:
deletion, insertion and substitution
300
Some mutations don't cause changes in proteins, so they don't affect _________.
traits
400
Where does translation occur?
in the ribosomes
400
A change in the nucleotide sequence of a gene is called a _________.
mutation
400
Effects of mutations depend on _______ in the DNA seqence the mutation occurs and ______ of mutation.
where; type
400
Some mutations can cause traits to change in a way that _______ the organism.
benefits
500
The order of the nitrogen bases in mRNA determines the order of the amino acids in a ________.
protein
500
The ___ human chromosomes contain between 20,000 and 25,000 genes that are copied during DNA replication.
46