Concept
Mendel's Laws
Non-Mendelian
Pedigree 4
Monohybrid &Dihybrid Crosses
100
Who is known as the Father of Modern Genetics?
Gregor Mendel
100
Why did Mendel use pea plants for his experiment?
Have distinct, easily recognizable traits
Grows rapidly
Have simple requirements
100
A non-Mendelian inheritance where the heterozygous phenotype is intermediate between the two homozygous phenotypes
Incomplete Dominance
100
A diagram that shows the inheritance of a trait or genetic condition through several generations of a family.
Pedigree Chart
100
In a monohybrid cross, what does the study of only one trait help scientists understand?
A.The effect of the environment on multiple traits
B.The interaction between different chromosomes
C.The inheritance pattern of a single pair of alleles
D.The genetic variation caused by crossing over
C. The inheritance pattern of a single pair of alleles
200
What are the different versions of a gene called?
Alleles
200
During the production of gametes, the two alleles responsible for a trait separate from each other, and each gamete receives only one of these alleles.
Law of segregation
200
In snapdragons, red flowers (RR) and white flowers (WW) show incomplete dominance. The heterozygous condition (RW) results in pink flowers. If a red-flowered plant is crossed with a white-flowered plant, what will be the color of the offspring?
All pink
200
Both males and females are equally affected
Autosomal Inheritance
200
A farmer wants to predict the possible coat colors of cattle offspring when crossing a red cow with a roan bull (both traits are codominant). What tool should he use?
Punnet square
300
The term used to describe a genotype that has two different alleles for a trait.
Heterozygous
300
States that if two opposing alleles for a trait are present (heterozygous), the dominant allele will suppress the recessive allele and determine the phenotype.
Law of Dominance
300
Another non-Mendelian inheritance where both alleles in a heterozygous organism are fully expressed, resulting in a phenotype that clearly shows both traits simultaneously.
Codominance
300
In a pedigree chart, a shaded circle represents a female. What does the shading indicate about her genetic condition?
A.She is a carrier of the trait.
B.She does not have the trait.
C.She expresses or shows the trait.
D.Her trait is unknown.
C.She expresses or shows the trait.
300
Using the FOIL method, what are the possible gametes for a parent with genotype AaBb?
AB, Ab, aB, ab
400
The fundamental units of heredity and are made up of DNA. They are responsible for guiding the processes that dictate the development of living organisms.
Genes
400
Describes how alleles of different genes are distributed independently of one another during gamete formation through meiosis.
Law of Independent Assortment
400
An example can be seen in the coat color of roan cattles.
Codominance
400
Study the pedigree chart below. If Individual II-2 is affected by an autosomal recessive disorder, what can we infer about Individuals I-1 and I-2?
They are both carriers of the recessive allele.
400
A child inherits the allele for brown eyes (B) from one parent and the allele for blue eyes (b) from the other. If brown is dominant, what is the child’s phenotype?
Brown Eyes
500
What tool should you use to determine the possible genotypes and their probabilities in the offspring?
Punnet Square
500
Two pea plants, both heterozygous for flower color (Pp), are crossed. Purple (P) is dominant over white (p). According to Mendel’s Law of Segregation, what percentage of the offspring are expected to have white flowers?
A. 0%
B. 25%
C. 50%
D. 75%
25%
500
Refer to the existence of more than two alleles at a single genetic locus within a population which increases the genetic diversity and potential phenotypic variations for a given trait.
Multiple Alleles
500
A child is born with a genetic condition, even though neither parent shows symptoms. What is the most likely inheritance pattern?
Autosomal Recessive
500
Calculate the phenotypic ratio of a dihybrid cross between two heterozygous parents (AaBb x AaBb).
A. 3:1
B. 1:2:1
C. 9:3:3:1
D. 9:3:4:2
C. 9:3:3:1