Causes of the War
What did British colonists want from the war?
They wanted more land and resources to create new settlements.
They were looking for ways to make money through timber, minerals, and farming.
Who were the Mi'kmaq, and how were they affected?
The Mi'kmaq lost their alliances with the French, which led to more conflicts with British settlers.
They tried to adapt to keep their culture alive while facing British expansion.
Who did the Odawa nation have an alliance with?
The British
Why was the Québec Act significant for the French people?
It allowed French Canadians to keep their cultural traditions.
This act set a precedent for future agreements between English and French-speaking Canadians.
What was the superpower rivalry between France and Britain?
France and Britain were two very powerful countries in the 1700s.
They competed for land and resources, especially in the fur trade.
Both were trying to get as much land as possible because land=power=$$$
How did the Acadians suffer during the war?
The British feared the Acadians would help the French, which led to their removal.
The Acadians were expelled in a tragic event called Le Grand Dérangement in 1755.
Families were forced out of their homes, leading to many being separated.
What happened with Pontiac's war against the british?
The leader of the Odawa convinced other Indigenous people to band together against the British in Detroit.
They captured 10 forts but were quickly overwhelmed by British reinforcements
How did Britain attempt to assimilate the French Canadiens?
Britain encouraged French Canadians to adopt the English language and customs.
Many French Canadians resisted, causing tensions between the two cultures.
What role did the fur trade play in the conflict?
The fur trade was important for both France and Britain to make money.
Many First Nations people depended on the fur trade, which affected their relationships with the Europeans.
How did the Canadiens feel about British rule?
Canadiens were worried about losing their French language and Catholic religion under British control.
Many Canadiens did not want to change their way of life and resisted British policies.
What was the outcome of the Battle for Canada (1760)?
The British gained control over New France, ending French colonial power.
British officials took over the government in the newly acquired territories.
Extra Point: This marked a major change in North America, with British laws and policies being implemented.
What did the Québec Act (1774) restore?
The act allowed French Canadians to keep their language, Catholic religion, and civil laws.
It expanded the area of Québec to include more land.
This act helped create the future of Canada as a bilingual country.
Who were the Canadiens?
French settlers who wanted to stay in canada under English rule but still keep their language and culture
What did the Acadians think of the war?
Acadians wanted to stay neutral and not pick a side in the war.
They felt pressured by the British to choose sides because the British didn’t trust them.
How did the Indigenous people react to war?
Many First Nations people worked with the French because they had good trade relationships.
After the war, British policies often ignored their land rights, causing them to lose their land.
Some First Nations leaders fought back against British settlers.
Describe the significance of the Battle on the Plains of Abraham (1759).
The battle was very short, lasting only 15 minutes, and both generals died.
This battle marked the beginning of British control in Canada.
Extra Point: The battle was important because it led to the British taking over Québec and most of New France.
What was the Royal Proclamation (1763)?
It limited British settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains to protect First Nations lands.
The proclamation set aside land for First Nations, but settlers often ignored it.
It was meant to improve relations with First Nations, but it didn’t work very well.
How did the Chippewa take over the Fort Michilimackinac?
Pretended to accidentally toss a ball into the fort and then pulled out their weapons
What were key factors that led to the Seven Years' War?
Controlling the fur trade and fishing areas
Wanted more land for Furs, Farming, and expansion of colonial POWER
Both countries built forts and made alliances (friendships) with First Nations tribes.
What were the longterm effects of war for Indigenous communities?
They lost a lot of land and power as British settlers kept moving in.
Their traditional ways of life were disrupted, affecting how they hunted, fished, and traded.
The Royal Proclamation of 1763 said they had rights to land, but this was not always enforced.
Extra Point: After the war, First Nations people had less influence and control over their territories.
What happened at the Battle of Louisbourg (1758)?
The British navy laid siege to the French fortress for seven weeks, cutting off supplies.
The French surrendered, which allowed the British to control the St. Lawrence River.
Extra Point: The fall of Louisbourg showed that the British had a stronger navy.
What did the Treaty of Paris (1763) accomplish?
France gave up almost all its territories in North America to Britain.
This treaty officially ended the Seven Years' War and changed colonial power.
What's the difference between an Acadian and a Canadien?
Acadians were French settlers who lived in Acadia (now parts of Canada like Nova Scotia and New Brunswick).
Canadiens were French-speaking settlers in New France, mainly around the St. Lawrence River (now Quebec).
The Acadians faced expulsion during the war, while the Canadiens remained in their territories under British rule after the war.