Fatty Acids
______ are solid ate room temperature, while ______ are liquid at room temperature.
Saturated fats, unsaturated fats
______ contain double bonds, while _____ do not.
unsaturated fatty acids, saturated fatty acids
What are the three types of lipoproteins?
LDL, HDL, VLDL
When meals deliver more energy than the body needs, what happens to the excess?
it is stored as fat in adipose cells for later use
What is a saturated fatty acid with 18 carbons and no double bond?
stearic acid
A chemical reaction where water is released as two molecules then combine to form one larger product is ______.
condensation
What is a common food source of oleic acid?
Which blood lipid is most closely linked to heart disease?
LDL
What elements are found in lipids?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
What has 18 carbons, 1 double bond, and is monounsaturated?
oleic acid
Cis fats can be converted to transfers by what?
hydrogeneration
Do Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids have double bonds?
yes
To lose a pound of fat a week, how many calories in deficit should you be a day?
500
What type of lipid is cholesterol?
sterols
What has 18 carbons, 2 double bonds, and is polyunsaturated? (Hint: Omega-6)
Linoleic acid
Lipids that contain fatty acids can be separated into storage lipids and ______.
membrane lipids
Which structure has an even number of carbon atoms?
Fatty acid structure
What are good food sources of EPA and DHA?
Salmon, Tuna, or Sardines
Functions of lipids in the body? (Name at least two)
energy, insulator, protects organs, and stores and circulates fat soluble vitamins
What has 18 carbons and 3 double bonds? (Hint: Omega-3)
Linolenic Acid
What enzyme hydrolyze's lipids?
Lipases
Which fatty acid has hydrogens on the opposite side of the double bond?
trans-fatty acids
What is the leading cause of death in North American adults?
cardiovascular disease
What term means to mix lipids and water into suspension?
emulsify
What is the first step your body uses to turn lipids into an energy source?
Lipids are digested in the small intestine