Convection in the Mantle
The type of heat transfer between materials that are touching.
What is conduction?
A mountain that forms in Earth's crust when molten material, or magma, reaches the surface.
What is a volcano?
This german scientist made the hypothesis that all the continents were once joined together.
Who is Alfred Wegener?
The process on the ocean floor that continues to add new material or oceanic crust.
What is seafloor spreading?
What are convergent boundaries?
The transfer of heat that is carried in rays like light.
What is radiation?
When magma reaches the surface.
What is lava?
A trace of an ancient organism that has been preserved in rock.
What is a fossil?
Long chains of mountains that rise up from the ocean floor.
What is a mid-ocean ridge?
Tectonic plates move apart from each other.
What are divergent boundaries?
What is convection?
One major belt of volcanoes, located around the rim of the Pacific Ocean.
What is the Ring of Fire?
A supercontinent, or single landmass, about 300 million years ago.
What is Pangaea?
The technology used to map mid-ocean ridges in the mid-1900s.
What is sonar?
The San Andreas fault is a result of this boundary.
What is a transform boundary?
A measure of how much mass there is in a given volume of a substance.
What is density?
A random area where material from deep within Earth's mantle rises through the crust and melts to form magma.
What is a hot spot?
Wegener noticed that mountain ranges from these 2 continents seemed to line up almost perfectly.
What were South America and Africa?
The process by which the ocean floor sinks beneath continental crust and back into the mantle again.
What is subduction?
The Andes mountains formed along the west coast of South America because of this boundary.
What is a convergent boundary?
What is change in temperature, change in density, and the force of gravity?
If not located on or near a hot spot, most volcanoes can form along these regions.
What is a plate boundary?
The freshwater reptile that Wegener used to support his hypothesis for continental drift.
What is Mesosaurus and/or Lystrosaurus?
These deep underwater canyons are created as the oceanic crust bends downward in a process that can take up to tens of millions of years.
What are deep ocean trenches?
Volcanic activity of the Mid-Atlantic ridge is caused by this boundary.
What is a divergent boundary?