Spastic Dysarthria
A state caused by bilateral upper motor neuron damage to the pyramidal and extrapyramidal systems
What is Spastic Dysarthria
The most common cause of spastic dysarthria. Because of the specific areas that must be damaged, spastic dysarthria will occur only when this cause occurs in the brainstem
What is a stroke
List four prosody errors associated with Spastic Dysarthria.
Mono pitch intonation, monoloudness, short phrases, and slow rate of speech
This might result in increased speed and range of tongue and lip movements during speech and reducing hypertonicity
What is tongue and lip stretching.
What are the three key evaluation tasks for Spastic Dysarthria?
1.conversational speech
2.Alternate motion rate (AMR)
3.vowel prolongation
What system does spastic dysarthria effect?
Central nervous System
Is a disease of unknown cause that results in the progressive degeneration of lower and upper motor neurons. It is a terminal disorder; the average life expectancy is 22 months from the time of onset
What is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Uncontrollable crying or laughing that can accompany damage to the upper motor neurons of the brainstem.
What is pseudobulbar affect?
What are 3 treatment strategies of phonation deficits in Spastic Dysarthria?
Head & neck relaxation, easy-onset of phonation, and yawn-sigh exercise
Upper motor neurons are group in what two systems?
What is extrapyramidal and pyramidal system
May be present in spastic dysarthria is usually not as severe as that heard in flaccid dysarthria. In addition, nasal emission is not common.
What is Hypernasality
brain damage from a lack of oxygen in the blood, such as what occurs when an individual stops breathing
what is cerebral anoxia
Out of the following. which characteristic occurs in other dysarthrias, but is most prominent is spastic dysarthria? Is it coughing, gagging, drooling, or twitching?
Drooling
Pitch range exercises , intonation profiles, contrastive stress drills, and chunking utterances into syntax units are treatment of which error?
Prosody
An alternate term was sometime used to describe spastic dysarthria.
What is Pseudobulbar palsy
Articulation deficits of spastic dysarthria are usually the result of what three conditions affecting the articulators
Weakness, reduce speed of movement, reduce range of movement.
It can affect upper motor neurons in a way similar to that of a single brainstem stroke. Because the pyramidal and extrapyramidal tracts are in such close proximity in the brainstem, a it can compress or destroy the upper motor neurons from both hemispheres and perhaps cause spastic dysarthria.
What is Brainstem Tumor
When speech production muscles of individuals are impacted, they demonstrate what characteristics ?
Weakness, slow movements, spasticity, and abnormal reflexes.
What are the two types of treatments recommended to enhance a patients ability to accurately produce consonant phonemes?
Traditional articulation tasks and stretching
What was the most common articulation deficit in Darley, Aronson, and Brown’s subjects with spastic dysarthria?
Imprecise articulation production
What percent of motor speech disorders are spastic dysarthria?
7.3%
Is a suspected immunologic disorder that results in the inflammation or complete destruction of the myelin sheath covering axons. It can affect myelin just about anywhere within the CNS, including the cerebral hemispheres, cerebellum, brainstem, and spinal cord.
What is Multiple Sclerosis
Harsh vocal quality, strained vocal quality, and low pitch are what type of errors in spastic dysarthria?
What is Phonatory errors
These tasks are usually designed so that the clinician asks a question, and the patient answers it by adding stress on key words to convey the intended meaning of the answer.
What is Contrastive stress drills
Behavioral treatment for hypernasality are recommended only for cases in which the severity is what? (mild, moderate, Severe)
Mild