Articulation Basics
This type of speech sound error involves producing a sound incorrectly, such as a lisp.
What is an articulation disorder?
Replacing fricatives with stops (e.g., “tun” for “sun”) is called this
What is stopping?
CAS is primarily a disorder of __________.
What is motor planning/programming?
By age 4, most children can produce sounds like /b/, /d/, /m/, and this nasal sound.
What is /n/?
Testing whether a child can imitate a sound after a model assesses this.
What is stimulability?
What area in the mouth is a crucial spot for producing /d/, /t/, /s/
What is the alveolar ridge?
Saying “tat” for “cat” demonstrates this phonological process.
What is Fronting?
Children with CAS often have speech errors that are __________.
What are inconsistent?
This sound is commonly still developing at age 4. with tongue coming back and up to top molars
What is /r/?
A screening that helps an SLP decide whether to do this next step.
what is formal or standardized assessment
Adding an extra sound to a word (e.g., “buhlack” for “black”) is called this
What is addition?
What disorder is it if the client says “ca” for “cat"
What is final consonant deletion?
This therapy approach is especially important for CAS.
What is motor-based therapy?
By approximately age 6, most children have mastered this class of sounds.
What are stops?
What should be the first step to assessment when having a new client, AKA first thing we do at adult or rite care.
what is look into patient history or medical
Producing a sound in an unfamiliar but consistent way that is not another phoneme is this type of error
What is distortion?
When one sound in a word influences another, as in “gog” for “dog.”
What is assimilation (or consonant harmony)? Also maybe backing??
Hypernasality in CAS is typically due to this rather than structural weakness.
What is impaired motor programming of the velum?
At what age should children be 100% intelligible
what is 4 years old
Activities like identifying words that start with the same sound target this skill.
What is alliteration (phonological awareness)?
In articulation disorders, errors are typically __________ rather than patterned.
What is phonetic (or motor-based)?
This phonological process involves sounds switching places, such as “psghetti” for “spaghetti.”
What is metathesis?
Effective CAS treatment often uses this type of cueing across visual, tactile, and auditory modalities.
What is multimodal cueing?
Name at least 2 sounds that are typically the last to be mastered developmentally
What are liquids and later fricatives/affricates (e.g., /r/, /θ/, /ð/, /ʒ/)?
If a therapy session consists of waiting for the child to pick out what toys, or what activities they are doing that day, and the SLP follows their requests. what therapy is it?
What is Child led therapy approach