The West
Desire to be released from feudal obligations / Defense of the Holy Land / Forgiveness of sins / Desire for wealth from the Middle East . Which heading best completes this partial outline?
A. Reasons for the Reformation
B. Causes of the Fall of the Roman Empire
C. European Motives for Fighting the Crusades
D. Reasons for the Split Between the Eastern and Western Churches
C. European Motives for Fighting the Crusades
The Golden Age of Greece and the Golden Age of Islam were similar in that both were times when
A. trade and commerce declined.
B. advances in science and technology occurred.
C. democratic governments were developed.
D. the religious ideas of Western Europe were accepted.
B. advances in science and technology occurred.
The city of Jerusalem is important because it
A. has religious significance for Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.
B. is a major port for Israel.
C. has become the center of industry for Palestinian Arabs.
D. serves as the financial center of the Middle East.
A. has religious significance for Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.
The term "feudalism" is best defined as a
A. holy war between Christians and Muslims.
B. process in which goods are traded for other goods.
C. system in which land is exchanged for military service and loyalty.
D. division of political power in a democracy between three separate branches.
C. system in which land is exchanged for military service and loyalty.
Decentralized government / Based on loyalty and service / Code of chivalry / Military elite
Which political system is best described in this partial outline?
A. Absolutism
B. Oligarchy
C. Democracy
D. Feudalism
D. Feudalism
Which of the following provides the most accurate description of the Crusades?
A. Attacks by the Mongols on Byzantine cities
B. The conquest of China following the Mongol Civil War
C. The establishment of the Abbasid Caliphate
D. A series of battles in the Holy Land between Muslims and Christians
D. A series of battles in the Holy Land between Muslims and Christians
The Middle East's designation as a "cultural crossroads" developed primarily as a result of the region's
A. religious unity.
B. political stability.
C. geographic location.
D. technological achievements.
C. geographic location.
An important long-term result of the Crusades in the Middle East was the
A. restoration of the Byzantine Empire.
B. increased tension between Muslims and Christians.
C. destruction of Muslim military power.
D. creation of a large Christian state on the Red Sea
B. increased tension between Muslims and Christians.
Letting some farmland remain unplanted as a means of increasing food production is most closely associated with
A. the enclosure movement.
B. the three-field system.
C. modern irrigation methods.
D. slash-and-burn agriculture.
B. the three-field system.
Rome during the Pax Romana and the Catholic Church during the Middle Ages are examples of
A. centralized powers.
B. Communist regimes.
C. constitutional monarchies.
D. feudal governments.
A. centralized powers.
In Europe, the Crusades resulted in
A. an increased demand for goods from the Middle East and Asia.
B. a greater isolation of the region from the world.
C. the strengthening of the feudal system.
D. the adoption of Islam as the official religion of many European nations.
A. an increased demand for goods from the Middle East and Asia.
From the ninth to the fourteenth centuries, Muslim rule over conquered territories was characterized by
A. the toleration of members of other cultures.
B. a decrease in trade and commerce.
C. the rejection of Greek and Roman scientific works.
D. the creation of democratic governments.
A. the toleration of members of other cultures.
Which of the following was a direct result of the Crusades?
A. Contact with the Muslim and Byzantine worlds brought new ideas to Western Europe.
B. The power of European nations declined because of a lack of interest in world affairs.
C. Christians gained permanent control of the Holy Land.
D. The volume of trade decreased as the manors became self-sufficient.
A. Contact with the Muslim and Byzantine worlds brought new ideas to Western Europe.
The growth of feudalism in Europe during the Middle Ages was primarily caused by the
A. rivalry between the colonial empires.
B. collapse of a strong central government.
C. decline of the Roman Catholic Church.
D. suppression of internationalism.
B. collapse of a strong central government.
The Magna Carta can be described as a
A. list of feudal rights that limited the English monarchy.
B. statement of grievances of the middle class in England.
C. census of all tax-paying nobility in feudal England.
D. journal about English feudal society.
A. list of feudal rights that limited the English monarchy.
The Roman Catholic Church during the Middle Ages in Europe can best be described as a Church that
A. favored separation from secular governments.
B. was a strong force that divided many people during an otherwise unified period.
C. was a stabilizing influence during a period of weak central governments.
D. avoided involvement in social and educational matters.
C. was a stabilizing influence during a period of weak central governments.
The most valid conclusion about the spread of Islam is that Islam
A. was limited to the areas east and south of the Mediterranean Sea.
B. was widely accepted outside Arabia during Muhammad's lifetime.
C. became the major religion in the Byzantine Empire.
D. spread along Muslim trade routes.
D. spread along Muslim trade routes.
The Crusades have been called "history's most successful failures." Which statement best explains this expression?
A. The Crusades did not achieve their original goals, but they brought about many desirable changes in Europe.
B. The Crusades helped to finally bring about the fall of the Roman Empire.
C. Although the Crusaders captured the Holy Land, that did not lead to democratic reforms.
D. The Crusaders prevented the Turks from capturing Constantinople for many centuries.
A. The Crusades did not achieve their original goals, but they brought about many desirable changes in Europe.
Which economic system existed in Europe during the early Middle Ages?
A. Command
B. Socialism
C. Free market
D. Manorialism
D. Manorialism
Which statement best describes society under the influence of medieval Christianity and traditional Islam?
A. Religion permitted the freedom to choose how people would worship.
B. Religion played a major role only in the lives of the clergy.
C. Religion was a way of life that governed people from birth to death.
D. Both religions influenced society by stressing the equality of all religions
C. Religion was a way of life that governed people from birth to death.
One important effect of the Crusades on Western Europe was that they
A. furthered cultural diffusion throughout Western Europe.
B. ended the Western European quest for an overseas empire.
C. introduced the Industrial Revolution to Western Europe.
D. led to a decline in the importance of the Church in Western Europe.
A. furthered cultural diffusion throughout Western Europe.
Which factor helps explain the literary achievements of Muslims during their Golden Age from 800 to 1300?
A. Cultural diversity accepted by many Islamic governments
B. Expansion of transatlantic trade
C. Legal equality of all people in the Islamic empire
D. European innovations during the Renaissance
A. Cultural diversity accepted by many Islamic governments
The outcome of the Crusades can best be described as
A. positive for the Catholics because they spread Christianity to the eastern empires.
B. negative for the Muslims because they lost the Holy Land to the Catholics.
C. negative for the Catholics because they failed to conquer the Holy Land.
D. positive for the Muslims because they converted most of the Europeans to Islam.
C. negative for the Catholics because they failed to conquer the Holy Land.
What inference can be drawn from the role of the church in manor life?
A. The church controlled trade within the manor.
B. Religion played a significant role in the lives of the residents.
C. The mill was managed by the church.
D. The church played a limited role in education.
B. Religion played a significant role in the lives of the residents.
Which concept best explains why most major religions have followers throughout the world?
A. Secularism
B. Ethnocentrism
C. Cultural isolation
D. Cultural diffusion
D. Cultural diffusion