Anatomy of Bones
In regards to location, differentiate among a diaphysis, and epiphysis,.
What is a diaphysis is the shaft of a long bone while the epiphyses are located at each end of the diaphysis?
What occurs in the epiphyseal plate?
What is bone growth?
When humans reach maturity, what are of bone closes?
What is the growth plate or epiphyseal line?
Provide two (2) differences between compact bone and spongy bone.
What is compact bone is composed of small bulls-eye-like structures called osteons, is very dense, and homogeneous in appearance while spongy bone appears to have open pores, forms blood cells, and is not made of osteons?
Where is yellow marrow stored and what is it composed of?
What is in the medullary cavity and fat?
What is the relationship between periosteum and sharpey's fibers
Sharpey's fibers hold the periosteum to the bone.
What is the periosteum?
What is connective tissue which holds muscle to bone?
Storage is another function of bones. Name two materials stored within bones.
What are fat and calcium?
Where is red marrow primarily found in an adult long bone? What is its function?
What is in the epiphyses, blood cell formation?
Where is bone marrow found in long bones?
In the meduallary cavity and spongy bone in the epiphysis?
What happens when blood calcium levels become too low? What cells are activated?
Osteoclasts breakdown bone matrix.
Where does blood formation occur?
What is blood cell formation, within the red marrow cavities of in the epiphysis of bones?
Name the two components of organic bone matrix and their functions.
What are calcium (makes bone hard) and collagen fibers/cartilage (flexibility without breaking)?
What happens when blood calcium levels become too high? What cells activate?
Osteoblasts deposit calcium into bone matrix.