PA Projection
What is the position of the patient for a PA projection the digits second through fifth?
Seated at the end of the radiographic table.
What is the position of the patient for a lateral projection?
seat patient at the end of the radiographic table.
Seated at the end of the radiographic table.
What is the position of the patient for a AP/PA projection of the 1st digit (thumb)
AP: seat patient at the end of the radiographic table with arm rotated internally.
PA: seat patient at the end of the radiographic table the hand rested on the medical surface (pinky on the IR)
What is the position of the patient for a lateral/PA oblique projection of the 1st digit (thumb)?
Lateral: seated at the end of the radiographic table, relaxed hand placed on IR
PA Oblique: seated at the end of the radiographic table, palm of the hand resting on the IR.
What is the position of the part (digits second through 5th.)
1. place the extended digit with the palm down on the IR.
2.seperate the digits slightly, center the digit to be examined to the center of the IR.
3.Center the PIP joint (proximal interphalangeal joint) to the center of the IR.
What is the position of the part for a lateral projection?
1. arm on table, at 90 degree angle.
2.extend digit that is being examined, close the remaining digits into a fist.
3.supoort elbow with sandbags.
4. Rest arm on radial surface for digits 2-3.
5.center IR to pip joint.
What is the position of the part for a PA oblique projection of digits 2-5?
1. place patient forearm on table, hand is pronated, palms resting on IR.
2.Center the IR to the PIP joint (proximal interphalangeal joint).
3.rotate the hand on a 45 degree radiolucent foam wedge.
What is the position of the part for a AP/PA projection of the 1st digit (thumb)?
AP: 1.Patients hand id medially rotated, have patient hold back digits 2-5 with tape or opposite hand.
2.Make sure 5th metacarpal is pulled backed do it does not superimpose the thumb.
PA: 1.Place the thumb a radiolucent sponge for support, thumb is in a dorsal position parallel to the IR.
2. Center the MCP joint to the center of the IR.
What is the position of the part for a lateral/PA oblique projection of the 1st digit (thumb)?
Lateral: 1.digits 2-5 placed on a sponge, 1st digit in a true lateral position.
2. Center the IR at the MCP joint
3.adjust thumb until true lateral position is obtained
PA Oblique: 1. thumb is abducted, place the palm in contact with the IR.
2.Thumb should naturally sit in oblique position when palm sits on IR.
3. Center the IR at the MCP joint
Where does the central ray enter?
Where does the central ray enter for a lateral projection of the digits?
Perpendicular to the PIP joint (proximal Interphalangeal joint)
Where does the central ray enter for a PA oblique projection of digits 2-5?
perpendicular to the PIP joint (proximal interphalangeal joint) of the affected digit.
Where does the central ray enter for AP/PA projection of the first digit (thumb)?
Central ray enters perpendicular to the MCP joint (metacarpophalangeal joint)
Where does the central ray enter for Lateral/PA oblique projection of the 1st digit (thumb)?
Central ray enters perpendicular at the MCP joint.
What is the collimation?
1 inch of light field on all sides of the digit.
include 1 inch proximal to the MCP(metacarpophalangeal joint).
Place side marker in exposure field, free of anatomy.
What is the collimation for a lateral projection?
1 inch on all sides of the digit, including 1 inch proximal to the MCP joint.
What is the collimation for a PA oblique projection of digits 2-5?
1 inch on all sides of the digit, including 1 inch proximal to the MCP joint.
What is the collimation for a AP/PA projection of the 1st digit (thumb)?
1 inch on all sides of the digit, including 1 inch proximal to the CMC joint (carpometacarpal joint)
What is the collimation?
1 inch on all sides of the digit, including 1 inch proximal to the CMC joint (carpometacarpal joint).
What is the evaluation criteria for a PA projection of digits 2-5?
1.Should be able to see entire digit from the fingertip to the distal portion of the metacarpal.
2. Open IP and MCP joint spaces
What is the evaluation criteria for a lateral projection of the digits 2-5?
1. entire digit from fingertip to distal portion of the metacarpal.
2.no super imposition of the proximal phalanx or MCP joint.
3. Open IP joint spaces. (Interphalangeal joint)
What is the evaluation criteria for a PA oblique projection of digits 2-5?
1. Entire digit shown, including the distal portion of the metacarpal.
2.Open IP and MCP joints
3. No superimposition of phalanx or MCP joint.
What is the evaluation criterion for a AP/PA projection of the 1st digit (thumb)?
1. area of distal tip to the trapezium.
2. Open IP and MCP joint spaces without overlap of bones.
3.PA thumb projection will appear magnified compared to the AP projection.
What is the evaluation criteria for Lateral/PA Oblique projection of the 1st digit (thumb)?
Lateral: 1.area of distal tip to the trapezium.
2. open IP and MCP joint spaces.
PA Oblique: 1. area from distal tip to the trapezium.
2. Open IP and MCP joint.