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Key Terms
Key Terms
Key Terms
Section Quiz
Section Quiz
100
Societies that rely on farming as a way of life
What is agricultural societies.
100
Societies based on the production of nonmaterial goods and services.
What is information societies.
100
awareness of one’s rank in society.
What is class consciousness.
100
Which of the following best depicts Marx’s concept of alienation from the process of one’s labor? A. A supermarket cashier always scans store coupons before company coupons because she was taught to do it that way. B. A businessman feels that he deserves a raise, but is nervous to ask his manager for one; instead, he comforts himself with the idea that hard work is its own reward. C. An associate professor is afraid that she won’t be given tenure and starts spreading rumors about one of her associates to make herself look better. D. A construction worker is laid off and takes a job at a fast food restaurant temporarily, although he has never had an interest in preparing food before.
What is A. A supermarket cashier always scans store coupons before company coupons because she was taught to do it that way.
100
Which of the following fictional societies is an example of a pastoral society? A. The Deswan people, who live in small tribes and base their economy on the production and trade of textiles B. The Rositian Clan, a small community of farmers who have lived on their family’s land for centuries C. The Hunti, a wandering group of nomads who specialize in breeding and training horses D. The Amaganda, an extended family of warriors who serve a single noble family
What is C. The Hunti, a wandering group of nomads who specialize in breeding and training horses
200
Societies that operate on a strict hierarchical system of power based around land ownership and protection
What is feudal societies.
200
Societies based around the domestication of animals.
What is pastoral societies.
200
the communal beliefs, morals, and attitudes of a society.
What is collective conscience.
200
The Protestant work ethic is based on the concept of predestination, which states that ________. A. performing good deeds in life is the only way to secure a spot in Heaven B. salvation is only achievable through obedience to God C. no person can be saved before he or she accepts Jesus Christ as his or her savior D. God has already chosen those who will be saved and those who will be damned
What is D. God has already chosen those who will be saved and those who will be damned
200
Which of the following occupations is a person of power most likely to have in an information society? A. Software engineer B. Coal miner C. Children’s book author D. Sharecropper
What is A. Software engineer
300
Societies based around the cultivation of plants
What is horticultural societies.
300
An individual’s isolation from his society, his work, and his sense of self.
What is alienation.
300
a person’s beliefs and ideology are in conflict with her best interests.
What is false consciousness.
300
The concept of the iron cage was popularized by which of the following sociological thinkers? A. Max Weber B. Karl Marx C. Émile Durkheim D. Friedrich Engels
What is A. Max Weber
300
Which of the following societies were the first to have permanent residents? A. Industrial B. Hunter-gatherer C. Horticultural D. Feudal
What is C. Horticultural
400
Societies that depend on hunting wild animals and gathering uncultivated plants for survival
What is hunter-gatherer societies.
400
A situation in which society no longer has the support of a firm collective consciousness.
What is anomie.
400
a situation in which an individual is trapped by social institutions.
What is iron cage.
400
Émile Durkheim’s ideas about society can best be described as ________. A. functionalist B. conflict theorist C. symbolic interactionist D. rationalist
What is A. functionalist.
400
Organic solidarity is most likely to exist in which of the following types of societies? A. Hunter-gatherer B. Industrial C. Agricultural D. Feudal
What is B. Industrial
500
Societies characterized by a reliance on mechanized labor to create material goods.
What is industrial societies.
500
The owners of the means of production in a society.
What is bourgeoisie.
500
a type of social order maintained by the collective consciousness of a culture
What is mechanical solidarity.
500
According to Peter Berger and Thomas Luckmann, society is based on ________. A. habitual actions B. status C. institutionalization D. role performance
What is A. habitual actions.
500
According to Marx, the _____ own the means of production in a society. A. proletariat B. vassals C. bourgeoisie D. anomie
What is C. bourgeoisie