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Vocabulary
U.S. initiatives
Mexican Presidents
Random
Policy
100
Mexico entered this agreement in 1986 and is based on regulating trade
What is General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)
100
This enforcement agency monitors over 1,900 miles between Mexico and the United States and helps maintain and facilitate the flow of legal immigration and goods while preventing the illegal trafficking of people and contraband
What is the U.S. Border Patrol
100
This president initiated a national planning council by creating the Ministry of Planning and Budget (SPP)
Who is Luis Echeverria
100
These three states are the top destinations for illegal immigrants
What is California, Texas, and Florida
100
The Neoliberal technocrats referred to the ruling party as what?
What are "Dinosaurs"
200
A free trade zone stretching from Central America to the North pole and is based on economic integration and came to fruition in 1994
What is North American Free Trade Organization (NAFTA)
200
This border strategy was used to prevent Mexicans from crossing the border illegally in order to prevent detention later on
What is Prevention through Deterrence (1993, 1994)
200
Which president learned of new oil deposits in the Gulf of Campeche
Who is Jose Lopez Portillo
200
By the early 1980s, Mexico-U.S. migration evolved into a system based on what?
What is the circulation of undocumented labor
200
What were the causes of the massive foreign debt for Mexico in the early 1980s? (3 things)
What is social spending, years of borrowing, and the fall of oil prices
300
In the decades leading up the the 1980s, Mexico's political economy was based on what?
What is Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI)
300
This act focused strongly on border patrol, tightened employer sanctions, streamlined criminal and deportation, and increased penalties for numerous immigration violations
What is the Immigration Act of 1990
300
Name two of the former (SPP) ministers that went on to be President in Mexico?
Who are Miguel de la Madrid and Carlos Salinas de Gortari
300
The border enforcement strategy after 1986 had little to do with the reality of immigration, but instead had a lot more to do with...
What is domestic fears and insecurities attributed to the increasing volume of cross-border movements of people, goods, ideas, and products -- A direct result of U.S. trade policies
300
What were the negative effects in Mexico's state centered program of economic development prior to the 1980s?
What is rising inequality, stagnant agrarian economy, growing concentration of poverty, regional imbalances, and a self-serving bureaucracy
400
In 1994, this operation saw the installation of high intensity flood lights to illuminate the border and an eight foot fence stretching over 14 miles from the Pacific Ocean to the foothills of the Coast Ranges
What is "Operation Gatekeeper"
400
IRCA sought to combat undocumented migration through... (4 ways)
What is the elimination of US jobs, sanctions on employers who hired undocumented workers, expanded border patrol, and amnesty for undocumented migrants who could prove continuous residency after January 1982
400
Cuautehmoc Cardenas was the son of the most revered Mexican President and went on to form a party known as what?
What is Partido de la Revolucion Democratica (PRD)
400
The Southwest Border Drug Task Force and the 1986 Anti-Drug Abuse Act were strategies of what?
What is an interdiction effort concentrated largely between ports of entry to combat a new "war on drugs," and broadened the Border Patrol's duties to include narcotics as well as immigration enforcement.
400
Daily Double - Double your points or lose 400 Border control efforts are _____ (a means to a stated instrumental end) but also _____ that communicate meaning. Name both to claim up to 800 points
What are actions and gestures
500
"simultaneously moving toward integration while insisting on separation" is known as
What is politics of contradiction
500
The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA) contained which provisions aimed at immigrants?
What is barring illegal migrants from most federal, state, and local public benefits, requiring the Immigration Naturalization Service (INS) to verify the immigration status of aliens before they could receive any federal benefits, and reducing access of legal immigrants to public services such as receiving food stamps or Supplemental Security Income (SSI)
500
Under the Harvard-trained technocrat, President Salinas de Gortari carried this agenda forward and accelerated what? (4 things)
What is carried forward the Neoliberal agenda and accelerated the pace of privatization, slashed the federal payroll, government administration continued to be streamlined, and state participation in the economy was greatly reduced
500
This law repealed the Texas Proviso, in which protected people and firms that hired illegal aliens
What is The Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA)
500
What issue played directly into the hands of entrepreneurial bureaucrats at the INS and the Border Patrol in the mid-1980s?
What is the framing of drugs