Legal Standards
What is probable cause?
The legal standard required for an arrest
what is the case that set the objective reasonableness standard
Graham v. Connor
This is the lowest level of force
Officer presence/verbal communication
this chemical spray is used to incapacitate suspects
pepper spray
what is a terry stop
breif detention to investigate possible criminal activity
What is reasonable suspicion?
Thestandard for a stop and frisk
What is the case that restricted deadly force unless the suspect poses a serious threat?
Tennessee v. Garner
what is low level physical force?
Includes handcuffing or holding with no injury
This device uses an electrical charge to incapacitate
taser
an arrest that occurs when the officer directly observes the crime
on-view arrest
What is the fourth amendment
The amendment that protects against unreasonable searches and seizures
What is the case that allows officers to stop and frisk based on reasonable suspicion?
Terry v. Ohio
This force is likely to cause death or serious bodily injury
deadly force
Batons and impact tools fall into this category
impact weapons
The minimum amount of force necessary to control a suspect
reasonable force
This term refers to taking someone into custody without a warrant but with legal justification
warrant less arrest
This case held that using excessive force violates the 4th amendment
Graham v. Connor
What is accidental or unintentional injury
Force that unintentionally causes injury while still within policy
This practice emphasizes communication to avoid force
de-escalation
What is it called when a suspect stops resisting, more specially the principle or rule
Cessation of force rule
What are the Miranda rights
officers must read this before initiating custodial interrogation
This case clarified when officers can enter a home without a warrant due to emergencies
Brigham City v. Stuart
Force used against active resistance that is not deadly
Intermediate force
This requires officers to document every use of force
Use of force report
What is a pattern of excessive force inside an agency
A pattern or practice of excessive force