Learning
A relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge that results from experience
What is Learning?
Process by which we learn to associate stimuli and, consequently, to anticipate events.
What is Classical Conditioning
Psychologist who used the principles of classical conditioning in the study of human emotion?
Who is John B Watson?
When a desirable stimulus is added to increase a behavior.
What is Positive Reinforcement?
Individuals performing the imitated behavior in observational learning.
What are models?
When an organism makes connections between stimuli or events that occur together in the environment.
What is Associative Learning?
Russian physiologist who performed extensive research on dogs and is best known for his experiments in classical conditioning.
Who is Ivan Pavlov?
Subject in Watson's experiments resulting stimulus generalization?
Who is Little Albert?
Type of conditioning that always decreases a behavior.
What is Punishment?
When you see that the model was reinforced for her behavior, you will be more motivated to copy her.
What is Vicarious Reinforcement
Motor or neural reactions to a specific stimulus in the environment.
What are Reflexes?
Using a conditioned stimulus to condition a neutral stimulus. Also, second-order conditioning.
What is Higher-Order Conditioning
Conditioning where organisms learn to
associate a behavior and its consequence.
What is Operant Conditioning?
Associate learning process where organisms learn to
associate a behavior and its consequence.
What is Operant Conditioning?
Psychologist who believed that pure behaviorism could not explain why learning can take place in the absence of external reinforcement.
Who is Albert Bandura?
Innate behaviors that are triggered by a broader range of events, such as maturation and the change of seasons.
What are Instincts?
Return of a previously extinguished conditioned response following a rest period
What is Spontaneous Recovery?
Process of rewarding successive approximations toward a target behavior
What is Shaping?
When the person or animal does not get reinforced every time they perform the desired behavior. Also referred to as intermittent reinforcement.
What is Partial Reinforcement?
When models can be used to encourage socially acceptable behavior.
What are Prosocial Effects?
Process of learning that requires the interaction of conscious and unconscious processes
What is a Complex Learning Process?
When an organism learns to respond differently to various stimuli that are similar.
What is Stimulus Discrimination?
Learning that occurs but is not observable in behavior until there is a reason to demonstrate it.
What is Latent Learning?
Name of the operant conditioning chamber psychologists used during experiments involving rats and pigeons.
What is the Skinner Box?
Name of the five-foot inflatable doll Albert Bandura used in an experiment?
What is the Bobo Doll?