Section 1
The group of department heads who serve as the president’s chief advisers
What is a The Cabinet?
Refusal to take part in a war between other nations
What is Neutrality?
The Supreme Court’s power to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional
What is Judicial Review?
The use of ships or troops to prevent movement into and out of a port or region controlled by a hostile nation
A Federalist who Adams appointed as chief justice of the Supreme Court, handing down decisions that would strengthen the power of the Supreme Court and the federal government
Who was John Marshall?
Political party known for its support of strong state governments, founded by Thomas Jefferson in 1792 in opposition to the Federalist Party
Who are the Democratic-Republicans?
The placing of interests of one’s own region ahead of the interests of the nation as a whole
The 1803 purchase by the U.S. of France’s Territory (extending from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains) for $15 million
What is the The Louisiana Purchase?
A government ban on trade with one or more other nations
What is an Embargo?
Chieftain of the Miami tribe of the Ohio territory and battled with U.S. army over their territory
Who was Little Turtle?
A tax on the production, sale, or consumption of goods produced within a country
What is an Excise Tax?
A series of four laws enacted in 1798 to reduce the political power of recent immigrants to the U.S.
What are the Alien and Sedition Acts?
Judges who were appointed by John Adams in the last hours of his administration
What are Midnight Judges?
The forcible seizure of men for military service that involved the Chesapeake Incident
What is Impressment?
Thomas Jefferson’s running mate in the 1800 presidential election, but tied Jefferson in electoral college votes, after many ties in the House, Hamilton convinced Federalists to vote for Jefferson to break the tie
Who was Aaron Burr?
A tax on imported goods that is intended to protect a nation’s businesses from foreign competition
What is a Protective Tariff?
A state’s refusal to recognize an act of Congress that it considers unconstitutional
What is Nullification?
Case where the Supreme Court ruled that it had the power to abolish legislative acts by declaring them unconstitutional
What is Marbury v. Madison?
A truce, or agreement to end an armed conflict
What is an Armistice?
U.S. minister to Britain, signed a Treaty of 1795 with Spain that said Spain gave up all claims to land East of the Mississippi River and allowed the U.S. to use the Mississippi river and the port of New Orleans
Who was Thomas Pinckney?
A law that established the federal court system and the number of Supreme Court justices and that provided for the appeal of certain state court decisions to the federal courts
What is the Judiciary Act of 1789?
Incident in which French officials demanded a bribe from U.S. diplomats
What was the XYZ Affair?
A law that increased the number of federal judges, allowing President John Adams to fill most of the new posts with Federalists
What is the Judiciary Act of 1801?
The 1814 treaty that ended the War of 1812
What is the Treaty of Ghent?
A French diplomat who was sent to recruit Americans in the war effort against Britain, which violated American neutrality
Who was Edmond Genet?