6.1/6.4
A question asking participants their level of agreement where they can respond with strongly disagree, disagree, neither agree nor disagree, agree, and strongly agree, is called a ____.
What is a Likert scale?
Having a clear ____ and using multiple observers who are rigorously trained make it more likely that a behavioral observational study will have good ___ reliability.
What is codebook and interrater?
A researcher asks participants, “How many times per day do you have intrusive thoughts or experience out-of-body experiences?” The biggest is with this question is that it is a ______ question.
What is a double barreled question?
This is what someone responds to everything when they are acquiescing on a survey.
What is strongly agree?
A researcher is interested in how people form friendships. She chooses to observe people’s interactions at a social event on campus. She is concerned that people may act differently because they know they are being observed. We call this ___. One strategy (of several) they could use to avoid this is to ___.
What is reactivity and unobtrusive observation?
Open-ended questions help researchers get rich descriptions but may be ___ consuming.
What is time?
Careful observation is important for this type of validity.
What is construct?
A survey uses a Likert scale to assess your level of agreement with this statement: I do not like to eat apples when it is not Tuesday. The biggest issue with this question is that it is _________.
What is negatively worded?
The order of questions can impact _______ validity.
What is construct?
A researcher is interested in whether people will help a stranger in an emergency. She plans to simulate a medical emergency in the student union on campus. However, she is concerned that people may act differently if they see someone watching them. Strategies she could utilize to mitigate this might include ______.
What is have observers blend in?
If research assistants know too much about the study, you risk negatively impacting both ______ and _____.
What is reliability and validity?
Yuta is an undergraduate research assistant helping to investigate whether or not skateboarders or bicyclists respect traffic laws on campus more. He will watch recordings from traffic cameras and count the number of times people obey or do not obey the traffic laws. He knows that his lab has predicted that bicyclists will respect traffic laws on campus more than skateboarders. This is an example of _____ bias.
What is observer?
Most people report being satisfied with their life, on a scale of 1-10 how satisfied are you with your life? The main problem with this question is that it is _________.
What is a leading question?
_______ responding may occur because respondents are embarrassed, shy, or worried about giving an unpopular opinion.
What is social desirability?
Name two strategies to increase construct validity in observational research.
What is training observers and providing a detailed codebook?
Using a masked or blinded design so observers are unaware of the purpose of the study, encouraging observers to blend in and be unobtrusive as they make their observations, and considering measuring the results of the behavior instead of observing the behavior directly all serve to increase ____ in observational studies.
What is reliability and/or validity?
A researcher conducted an observational study on children's aggressive behaviors on the playground. He has his research assistants observe the children and indicate the number of aggressive acts they see. After completing the study, he calculated the interrater reliability and found it was poor. The biggest improvement the researcher could make would be in his _______ of variables.
What is operationalization?
A researcher is concerned that participants may be using the acquiescence response set. He could “catch” people engaging in acquiescence by using ________ questions.
What is reverse-coded questions?
Name a strategy for increasing the construct validity of self-report research.
What is question phrasing/order?