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What are competencies?
a) Broad goals of a curriculum
b) Specific knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to achieve an objective
c) Observable results of learning
d) General purposes of a course
Specific knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to achieve an objective
__________ skills are accompanied by benchmarks
a) Writing
b) Listening
c) Reading
d) Speaking
Speaking
According to the text, what are the key questions an aim statement within a course rationale seeks to answer?
a) How will students be graded, what are the attendance policies, and what are the required textbooks?
b) Who is the course for, what is the course about, and what kinds of teaching and learning will take place?
c) What are the specific objectives, what are the deadlines for assignments, and what is the instructor's background?
d) What are the historical origins of the subject, what are the latest research findings, and what are the future applications of the knowledge?
Who is the course for, what is the course about, and what kinds of teaching and learning will take place?
What does backward design focus on first?
a) Choosing classroom activities
b) Selecting a textbook
c) Defining learning outcomes
d) Giving students a test
Defining learning outcomes
How can process outcomes also be called?
a) Learning standards
b) Process objectives
c) Curriculum benchmarks
d) Educational assessments
Process objectives
What is a learning outcome?
a) A general purpose of the curriculum
b) A specific statement of what students should learn
c) An observable result of learning that shows what a student can do
d) A detailed list of skills needed to achieve an objective
An observable result of learning that shows what a student can do
Backward design that uses standards:
a) The TESOL English Language Proficiency Standards
b) CEFR (Common European Framework of Reference for Languages)
c) The Massachusetts Adult Basic Education Curriculum Framework
CEFR (Common European Framework of Reference for Languages)
Which of the following best describes the primary function of an aim in a course rationale?
a) To detail specific learning outcomes
b) To outline the teacher's daily lesson plans
c) To state a general change the program seeks to bring about in learners
d) To list all the materials required for the course
c) To state a general change the program seeks to bring about in learners
What are the key elements that need to be clarified in curriculum development?
a) Teaching styles and lesson formats
b) Classroom management techniques
c) Aims (goals), objectives, learning outcomes, and competencies
d) School funding and administration
Aims (goals), objectives, learning outcomes, and competencies
If learning outcomes are not required, what should the curriculum specify?
a) The number of hours students must study each subject
b) The content students will study and the activities and processes they are expected to engage in while studying the content
c) The exact test questions students will answer
d) The grades students should receive at the end of the course
The content students will study and the activities and process they are expected to engage in while studying the content
How are competencies different from objectives?
a) Competencies are broader than objectives
b) Competencies are more detailed and focus on practical application
c) Competencies are the same as objectives
d) Competencies are written as "can do" statements
Competencies are more detailed and focus on practical application
True/False
Standards prescribe any particular teaching approach or mode of course organization and delivery
False
Why should objectives be consistent with the curriculum aim?
a) To ensure that all objectives are equally challenging
b) To guarantee that all objectives are approved by the school board
c) To ensure that all objectives contribute to the overall purpose of the program
d) To make it easier for teachers to grade student work
To ensure that all objectives contribute to the overall purpose of the program
Why have many countries adopted a standards-based approach to curriculum planning?
a) To eliminate the need for teacher evaluations
b) To make learning more flexible and informal
c) To emphasize accountability and measurable results
d) To remove standardized testing from schools
To emphasize accountability and measurable results
According to Bruner's arguments, what should the curriculum focus on?
a) Focus only on assessment and testing
b) Focus on memorizing facts rather than skills
c) Focus on the knowledge and skills learners need to develop
d) Focus exclusively on teacher-led instruction
Focus on the knowledge and skills learners need to develop
What is one learning outcome for reading informational texts?
a) Students can write a response conveying an idea or opinion
b) Students can demonstrate literal comprehension of short texts
c) Students can identify the stated main idea of a short passage
d) Students can relate ideas from experience to texts
Students can identify the stated main idea of a short passage
An advantage of standards in curriculum planning
a) They allow teachers to create their own learning objectives without restrictions
b) They eliminate the need for assessments in education
c) They provide a "common language" for talking about the process of teaching and learning
d) They require all students to follow the same learning pace
- They provide a "common language" for talking about the process of teaching and learning
What is the key distinction between aims and objectives?
a) Aims are specific and measurable, while objectives are general and broad
b) Aims are created by students, while objectives are created by teachers
c) Aims are general changes the program seeks to bring about, while objectives are specific changes broken down from those aims
d) Aims focus on the teacher's actions, while objectives focus on the student's actions
Aims are general changes the program seeks to bring about, while objectives are specific changes broken down from those aims
What are the key components of the backward design process?
a) Needs analysis, defining objectives, selecting content, methodology, and assessment
b) Choosing a textbook, creating a test, teaching, and grading
c) Allowing students to choose their own topics and activities
d) Planning lessons first and defining goals later
Needs analysis, defining objectives, selecting content, methodology, and assessment
According to Stenhouse, what should the curriculum focus on?
a) Should focus on activities that engage learners
b) Should focus mainly on standardized testing and measurable outcomes
c) Should prioritize teacher-centered lectures over student engagement
d) Should eliminate all structured activities and let students choose their learning paths freely
Should focus on activities that engage learners