basic concepts
Any substance that occupies space and has mass is considered
What is matter?
rapid oxidation of a substance accompanied by the production of heat and light
science that deals with the composition, structures, and properties of matter and how matter changes under different conditions
What is chemistry?
a substance that causes or is believed to cause cancer
What is a carcinogen?
colorless gas with a pungent odor that is composed of hydrogen and nitrogen
What is ammonia?
What is not a physical mixture?
What is an element?
special type of oil used in hair conditioners, water-resistant lubricants for the skin, and nail polish dryers
What are silicones?
a substance that adds hydrogen to a chemical compound or subtracts oxygen from the compound
what is a reducing agent?
a very strong alkali used in chemical products and cleaners; commonly known as lye
What is sodium hydroxide?
a stable, uniform mixture of two or more substances
What is a solution?
if two liquids are suluble they are considered what
What is miscible?
the abbreviation used for potential hydrogen
What is pH?
an ion with a negative electrical charge
What is an anion?
a change in the form or physical properties of a substance without a chemical reaction or the creation of a new substance
What is physical change?
prolonged, repeated, or long-term exposure that can cause sensitivity
What is overexposure?
A (blank) releases a significant amount of heat.
What is exothermic reaction?
a solution that has a pH above 7
what is alkaline solution?
the smallest chemical components (often called particles) of an element; structures that make up the element and have the same properties of the element
What are atoms?
subatomic particles with a negative charge
what are electrons?
a contraction of surface active agents; substances that allow oil and water to mix, or emulsify
What are surfactants?
a chemical combination of two or more atoms in definite proportions.
What is a molecule?
required by law for all products sold; SDSs include safety information about products compiled by the manufacturer, including hazardous ingredients, safe use and handling procedures, proper disposal guidelines, and precautions to reduce the risk of accidental harm or overexposure
What is a safety data sheet?
the separation of an atom or molecule into positive and negative ions
What is ionization?
subatomic particles with a positive charge
What are protons?
a solution that has a pH below 7 (neutral)
What is acidic solution?