Evolution 1
The process in which a species has changed over time is known as this.
What is evolution?
A variation that makes an organism better suited to its environment
What is an adaptation?
The Island where Charles Darwin explored...
Galapagos
What theory states that organisms pass on physical traits acquired during their lifetime to their offspring?
What is a Lamarck's Theory?
The oldest fossil are found in what rock layers?
What is the bottom layer/deeper layers?
He is known as the father of evolution and used finches on the Galapagos Islands to develop his theory.
Charles Darwin?
A group of organisms that share similar characteristics and can reproduce among themselves is?
What is a species.
The study of how embryos develop similarly.
What is an embryoloy?
Comparing the amount of radioactive element with the amount of non-radioactive element to estimate how old a fossil is.
What is absolute age dating?
This adaptation allows organisms, such as chameleons, to blend in with their surroundings to avoid predators.
What is camouflage?
Preserved remains of ancient organisms
What are fossils?
This term describes when two or more species evolve different traits because they adapt to different environments.
What is divergent evolution?
The concept that organisms who are the best suited to their environment will be the most successful
What is survival of the fittest?
This term refers to the variety of life on Earth, including different species and ecosystems.
What is biodiversity?
An estimate of how old a fossil is based on the idea that in undisturbed areas, younger rock layers are deposited on top of older rock layers
What is relative dating?
An inherited trait that makes an individual different from other members of its species
What is a variation?
Overhunting/fishing, pollution, change in environment, disease, natural disasters are all factors that can lead to what?
Extinction
The similarities in certain features of turtle and chicken embryos provide evidence that they have what in common?
Common ancestor
This phrase is often used to describe the process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
What is survival of the fittest?
These fossils are used by scientists to help determine the age of rock layers because they come from species that existed for a relatively short period of geological time. What are they called?
What are index fossils?
Which term refers to the process by which individuals that are better suited to the environment survive and reproduce therefore passing down their genes to their offspring?
What is Natural Selection?
Organs/ structures that no longer serve a purpose and have disappeared or reduced in size
Vestigial Organs/Structures
"Similar function, different structure"
Homologous Structures
If the same antibiotic is used too many times, it can become less effective against a certain type of bacteria. This is known as ...
antibiotic resistance
This term refers to the chronological collection of fossils that provides evidence of the history of life on Earth, showing how species have changed over time.
What is the fossil record?
Wisdom teeth, the tailbone, the wings of flightless birds like ostriches, and the pelvic bones of whales are examples of what type of structures?
What are vestigial structures?
Name one evidence of evolution
homologous structures, embryology, fossils, DNA analysis, vestigial structures, or directly through plants
This diagram shows the evolutionary relationships between various species based on their shared characteristics.
What is an evolutionary tree, phylogenetic tree or cladogram?
This chart divides Earth's history into different time units, such as eons, eras, and periods.
What is the geologic time scale?
The term for the differences in traits among individuals in a population, such as the presence of both brown and green moths?
What is variation?
Similar structures that evolved from a common ancestor such as bones humans, cats, bats, and whales have in common.
homogolous structures
When a geologic feature, mountains, lakes, fires, isolate a small number of individuals from the rest of a population
What is geographic isolation?
This term describes a trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment, such as camouflage in a chameleon.
What is adaptation?
This adaptation enables certain species to imitate the appearance of another species for protection or to gain an advantage.
What is minicry?
Darwin noticed the changes in what of the finches when studying them?
Their beak types