Learning
What is learning?
A relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge that results from experience.
What is classical conditioning?
A process by which we learn to associate stimuli and, consequently, to anticipate events.
What is operant conditioning?
stimulus/experience
Do kids get good or bad things from their parents
Both
What is Punishment?
A consequence to decrease a behavior
What is an instinct?
An unlearned knowledge, involving complex patterns of behavior; instincts are thought to be more prevalent in lower animals than in humans
What is an unconditioned response?
A natural (unlearned) reaction to a given stimulus
What role do reinforcements and punishments play in Skinner's theory
consequences
What is observational learning?
Type of learning that occurs by watching others
What is acquisition?
Period of initial learning
What is reflex?
An unlearned, automatic response by an organism to a stimulus in the environment
What is an unconditioned stimulus?
A stimulus that elicits a reflexive response in an organism.
How did Skinner use animals in his experiments on operant conditioning?
Skinner box
Does observatinal learing occur in animals
True or false
True
What is a continuous reinforcement?
Rewarding a behavior everytime it occurs
What is associative learning?
Form of learning that involves connecting certain stimuli or events that occur together in the environment (classical and operant conditioning)
What is a neutral stimulus?
A stimulus that does not naturally elicit a response.
How did Tolman's experiments with rats challenge the prevailing idea about reinforcement and learning?
rats could learn the layout of a maze and develop a cognitive map
What do you do after seeing your co-worker get introuble?
Dont do what they did, so you wont get the same treatment
What is stimulus discrimination?
The ability to respond differently to a different stimui
What is central to all three basic learning processes?
Associative learning
Who is Ivan Pavlov?
A Russian scientist, that performed extensive research on dogs and is best known for his experiments in classical conditioning
What is the main principle behind Skinner's theory of operant conditioning?
consequences.
What is vicarious reinforcement?
if you observe a model being punished, you would be less motivated to copy them
What is extinction?
the decrease in the conditioned response when the unconditioned stimulus is no longer presented with the conditioned stimulus.