Show:
STUDYING MEMORY
BUILDING MEMORIES
FORGETTING
MEMORY CONSTRUCTION
IMPROVING MEMORY
100
Encoding: getting information into our brain Storage: retaining the encoded information Retrieval: getting the information back out of memory storage
What is BUILDING A MEMORY?
100
We can more easily remember things we can process visually as well as meaningfully. Memorable sentences often evoke powerful ___________.
What is imagery or metal pictures? High-imagery words are more easily remembered than low-imagery words
100
Absent-mindedness: inattention to details leads us to encoding failure transience: memory loss blocking: inability to access stored info are examples of this______________.
What is the three sins of forgetting and retrieval?
100
True of false: all memory is false
What is true? We don't just retrieve memories we reweave them. Every time we replay a memory, we replace the original with a slightly modified version.
100
Mentally recreating the situation and the mood in which your original learning occurred is ...
What is activating retrieval cues
200
A view of short-term memory that stresses conscious, active processes
What is Working memory?
200
This person flashed a group of letters similar to this for 1/20th of a second, people could recall only about half of the letters. But when signaled to recall a particular row immediately after the letters had disappeared, they could do so with near-perfect accuracy.
Who is George Sperling?
200
Misattribution: confusing the source of info Suggestibility: the lingering effects of misinformation Bias: belief colored recollections are all examples of this_____________.
What is the three sins of distortion?
200
When exposed to misleading information, we tend to misremember, which is also known as______________.
What is the misinformation effect. Ex-digitally altered photos will produce the same effect.
200
Study before sleeping and do not schedule back-to-back study times for topics that are similar is an example of...
What is minimizing interference?
300
__________ IS UNCONSCIOUS ENCODING OF EVERYDAY INFO, SUCH AS SPACE AND TIME, WHILE _____ IS ENCODING THAT REQUIRES ATTENTION AND CONSCIOUS EFFORT.
What is AUTOMATIC PROCESSING AND EFFORTFUL PROCESSING?
300
In our ___________ we can focus on and process only about 7 items of information. Without rehearsal info disappears from here. Although we have an unlimited capacity for storing information permanently in _______________.
What is short-term memory and long-term memory?
300
This person studied how long memories last by measuring nonsense syllables and discovered this ______________.
Who is Hermann Ebbinghaus and the Forgetting Curve. The forgetting curve: forgetting is rapid at first, then levels off with time.
300
Recognizing someone, but having no idea where you had met the person, or dreamed about an event and later wondered whether it really happened are examples of this _________________.
What is source amnesia? You retain the memory, but not context in which you acquired it.
300
Using practice tests and study guides are examples of...
What is testing your knowledge and rehearsing it?
400
YOU CAN BOOST YOUR MEMORY OF NEW INFORMATION THROUGH THIS...
What is REHEARSAL (CONSCIOUS REPETITION)?
400
This involves an increase in a synapse's firing potential, which is the neural basis of learning and memory. And this is caused by intense emotions that trigger hormonal changes that arouse the brain's memory forming area into creating a stronger, more reliable memory.
What is Long-term potentiation and flash bulb memories?
400
when you try to retrieve a memory, old and new items, especially similar items, sometimes compete for your attention is called_______________.
What is interference?
400
Name 4 of the 7 statements that the American Medical, American Psychological, and American Psychiatric Associations have agreed upon.
What is sexual abuse happens, injustice happens, forgetting happens, memories of things happening before age 3 are unreliable, memories "recovered" under hypnosis or under the influence of drugs are especially unreliable, memories, whether real or false, can be emotionally upsetting?
400
This can be done so the brain can organize and consolidate information for long-term memory.
What is sleep more?
500
We retain info even better if we spread rehearsal over time, which is known as________________. Although even with rehearsal we may struggle to remember the last and first items better than those in the middle, which is known as___________.
What is spacing effect and serial position effect?
500
You have a terrible evening- your date canceled, you lost your iPod, and you you've absent-mindedly washed your colored clothes with bleach- your sour mood may bring to mind memories of other unhappy times. This is an example of_____________.
What is mood-congruent memory? the tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with your current good or bad mood.
500
Memory researchers believe this rarely, if ever, occurs, but Sigmund Freud believed in this and said that we block painful or unacceptable memories to protect our self-concept and to minimize anxiety.
What is repression?
500
True or false: Hypnosis should be used to recover memories of abuse
What is false?
500
True or false: Cramming for a test is the best way to improve your memory of the info
What is false?