Cell Facts
Give an example of something made of a eukaryotic cell
Any animal, most plants, etc.
What is an organelle
A tiny structure within the cell, that preforms a specific function.
What organelle is responsible for cell transport
Cell membrane
What gas is released as a product of photosynthesis?
What organelle houses DNA
Nucleus
What is an example of a prokaryotic cell
Bacteria, archaea
What organelle is the jelly like substance that fills most of the cell?
Cytoplasm
What are the 2 types of cell transport
Active and passive
What is the purpose of photosynthesis
To use light to make sugar
What are the 2 parts of a phospholipid, and are they hydrophobic or hydrophilic
Hydrophilic head, hydrophobic tail
How does DNA differ from prokaryotes to eukaryotes
DNA is circular in prokaryotes, linear in Eukaryotes
What is the role of lysosomes
Break down cellular waste
What is the difference between active and passive transport
Active requires energy because it goes from low concentration to high. Passive does not because it goes high to low.
How is energy released from ATP
Breaking off the last phosphate
What are the 3 solutions in osmosis, and what do they mean?
Isotonic- water is moving back and forth at a steady rate
Hypertonic- more water is moving out of the cell, cell shrinks
Hypotonic- More water is moving in the cell, cell swells
What is the biggest difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Eukaryotic cells have membrane bound organelles
This organelle is where translation takes place in protein synthesis
Ribosome
What are the 3 types of passive transport
Simple diffusion
Facilitated diffusion
Osmosis
What process breaks down glucose to release energy
Cellular respiration
What is the difference between anaerobic and aerobic. Which one describes the process of fermentation?
Anaerobic- no oxygen required
Aerobic- Oxygen required
Fermentation is anaerobic
What are the 3 parts of Cell Theory
1. All cells come from pre-existing cells
2. Cells are the basic unit of life
3. All living things are composed of cells
What organelle differs in plants and animal cells, and how does it differ?
Vacuoles. Plants have one large one. Animals have multiple small ones
What are the 3 types of active transport, and how do they all differ?
Protein pumps- molecules are pushed through a protein from low to high concentration
Endocytosis- Bulky material is being brought into the cell.
Exocytosis- Bulky material is being forced out of the cell
Explain the cycle of ATP and ADP
Energy is stored ADP turns into ATP
Energy is released ATP turns in to ADP
What are the 3 parts of an ATP molecule?
Adenosine, ribose, 3 phosphates