Magma is molten rock-forming substances, gas and water from the mantle lava is magma that has reached the surface.
What is the difference between lava and magma?
100
Quiet and explosive
What are two types of eruptions
100
Composite, cinder-cone and sheild
Name 3 types of volcanoes
100
Mount Shasta & Lassen Peak
Name 2 volcanoes in California
100
It is a weak spot in a crust where magma comes to a surface
What is a volcano?
200
It is a group of volcanoes which surround the rim of the Pacific.
What is the Ring of Fire
200
AA is cooler and slower-moving, and makes jagged lava chunks, while pahoehoe is hotter and more runny, and make ripple patterns when it cools
What is the difference between pahoehoe and aa
200
They're plateaus made by layers of lava which form on top of each other over millions of years.
What are lava plateaus?
200
It is a mountain range which formed millions of years ago when plate movement pushed up a batholith
What is the Sierra Nevada
200
It is a a big bowl-shaped valley
What is a basin?
300
Volcanoes can either form where two oceanic plates collide or where oceanic plate collides with continental plate.
Name two areas a volcano might form?
300
They are monitored by using tiltmeters in order to see slight changes in elevation caused by magma, monitor gases which escape the volcano and monitor small earthquakes that occur when a eruption is soon
How do scientists monitor earthquakes
300
They form when magma squeezes between horizontal layers of rock.
How do dikes form?
300
It became a basin when the Sierras and Coast Ranges rose, the crust forming the Central Valley bent downward
How did Central Valley become a basin?
300
It is a volcano which is expected to erupt in the future and become active
What is a dormant volcano?
400
They are areas where material from the mantle rises and melts, creating magma
What is a hot spot
400
They form when high-silica magma builds up inside a volcano's pipe and plugs it. Trapped gases build up until the pressure is released by an explosion.
How does an explosive eruption form?
400
These are large masses of rock formed when a large body of magma cools inside the crust
What is a batholith?
400
The Pacific and North American fault
Which 2 faults made more smaller faults?
400
It's a hole filled with pieces of a volcano that has collapsed on itself, as well as lava & ash
What is a caldera
500
An island arch is a string of islands created by volcanoes along deep-ocean trenches
What is an island arch
500
If the magma is hot, the magma will be runnier & thin and will create ripple patterns when it cools. If the magma is cooler, the magma will be thicker and slower-moving and will create rough edges when the magma cools.
How does the heat of magma change its properties
500
They form when a volcanoes magma is high in silica. It might produce bombs, cinders and ash in the volcano's vent making in a steep cone-shaped hill.
How does a cinder cone form?
500
Juan de Fuca
Which fault made Mount Shasta and Lassen Peak?
500
It is a type of explosive eruption which sends out a mixture of gas, cinders, ash & bombs