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Economic system marked by private ownership of the means of production and exchange, a market economy, economic competition, free trade, and consumer sovereignty
Capitalism
Modern political ideology that favors government intervention in the interest of public welfare, social justice, and fair play
Liberalism
Beliefs and practices that guide political actors in real political communities
Political Ideologies
Legal term for the entity commonly known as a country; requires people, territory, government, and acceptance by the international community
State
Right that forbids such governmental action as the systematic destruction of a religious group, race, or class or such spurious legal action as a trial based on false evidence or coerced confession
Due process
Select group, often characterized by superior political, economic, social, or cultural skills or power
Elite
Rights that allow citizens to evaluate how the government operates and to assess the character and performance of parties and political leaders
Civil Liberties
In the American context, proponents of liberal democracy who emphasize tolerance, generosity, and a willingness to experiment; advocate progressivism
Liberals
Constitutional rule by the many; also known as republican rule
Popular Sovereignty
Constitutional system in which government leadership is determined, directly or indirectly, by decisions of the electorate
Representative government
strong sense of cultural belonging and group loyalty generally used to achieve pollical, economic , and social freedom
Nationalism
Concept that emphasizes equal political and social rights or the condition of being neither superior or inferior
Equality
In the American context, proponents of traditional values and institutions, including private property, enterprise, and family. Generally favor liberty over equality
Conservatives
In the American context, proponents of liberal democracy who oppose government intervention in economic and personal affairs; believe in maximization of persoanl freedom
Libertarians
Constitutional rule by the many
Republicanism
In the American context, proponents of liberal democracy who favor government intervention in economic affairs and ma oppose expansion of some "liberal" personal freedoms
Populists
Term used by political scientists to label countries
Nation-State
Economic policy which commerce receives minimum interference from government
Laissez-Faire
Form of democracy in which citizens vote directly on matters of public policy instead of electing representatives
Direct Democracy
Freedom from slavery, imprisonment, captivity; or any form of unlawful or arbitrary control; the sum of rights rights of a free individual or group
Liberty
Legal theory that asserts that with regard to foreign affairs and national security the president has decisive power
Unitarity Executive
A political ideology that pits a virtuous "people" against a corrupt "elite," often combining anti-immigrant and nationalist policies with anti-establishment rhetoric
Right Wing Populism
Political school maintaining that balance in diverse political communities is best achieved through a representative democracy acting in accord with policies that advance the general welfare, while still recognizing that a rough approximation of the public interest emerges from the clash of contending interests
Pluralism
Constitutional government characterized by popular rule, protection of basic rights, and political and economic competition
Liberal Democracy
a political ideology focusing on anti-elitism, social justice, and speaking for the "common people" against both political and economic elites. It is characterized by a focus on economic inequality, anti-globalization, and social issues like immigrant rights, often proposing transformative and egalitarian solutions to problems caused by neoliberal policies and the dismantling of welfare states.
Left Wing Populism