A type of learning that involves stimulus- response connections, in which the response is conditional on the stimulus
Conditioning
100
A previously neutral stimulus that, because of pairing with an unconditioned stimulus, now causes a conditioned response Conditioned Stimulus
Conditioned Stimulus
100
(1) in classical conditioning, the ability to distinguish the conditioning, the ability to distinguish the conditioned stimulus from other stimuli that are similar (2) unfair treatment of a person or group based on prejudice
Discrimination
100
A stimulus or event that follows a response and increases the frequency of that response
Reinforcement
100
A timetable for when and how often reinforcement for a particular behavior occurs
Schedule of Reinforcement A timetable for when and how often reinforcement for a particular behavior occurs
200
A type of learning in which a neutral stimulus comes to elicit an unconditioned response when that neutral stimulus is repeatedly paired with a stimulus that normally causes an unconditioned response
Classical Conditioning
200
A type of classical conditioning in which a previously desirable or neutral food comes to be perceived as repugnant because it is associated with negative stimulation
Taste Aversion
200
A fear-reduction technique based on the principles of classical conditioning that involves exposing the individual to a harmless stimulus until fear responses to that stimulus ware extinguished
Flooding
200
Stimuli, such as food or warmth, that have reinforcement value without learning
Primary Reinforcers
200
The reinforcement of a desired response every time it occurs Continuous Reinforcement
Continuous Reinforcement
300
In classical conditional, a stimulus that elicits an unlearned, automatic response Unconditioned stimulus
Unconditioned stimulus
300
In classical conditioning, the disappearance of a conditioned response when an unconditioned stimulus no longer follows a conditioned stimulus
Extinction
300
A type of counterconditioning, used to treat phobias, in which a pleasant, relaxed state is associated with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli
Systematic Desensitization
300
A stimuli that increase the probability of a response because of their association with a primary reinforcer Secondary reinforcers
Secondary reinforcers
300
A type of conditioned learning in which only some of the responses are reinforced Partial Reinforcement
Partial Reinforcement
400
In classical conditioning, an unlearned, automatic response
Unconditional response
400
The reappearance of an extinguished conditioned response after some time has passed
Spontaneous recovery
400
A therapy procedure based on a classical conditional that replaces a negative response to a stimulus with a positive response
Counterconditioning
400
A encouraging stimuli that increase the frequency of a behavior when they are presented Positive Reinforcers
Positive Reinforcers
400
In operant conditioning, a procedure in which reinforcement guides behavior toward closer approximations of the desired goal
Shaping
500
A learned response to a previously neutral stimulus
Conditional response A learned response to a previously neutral stimulus
500
The tendency to respond in the same way to stimuli that have similar characteristics
Generalization
500
Learning that is strengthened when behavior is followed by positive reinforcement
Operant Conditioning
500
An unpleasant stimuli that increase the frequency of behavior when they are removed Negative Reinforcers
Negative Reinforcers
500
In operant conditioning, combining the steps of a sequence to progress toward a final action