What is a a type of learning that involves stimulus- response connections, in which the response is conditional on the stimulus
100
exinction
What is in classical conditioning, the disappearance of a conditioned response when an unconditioned stimulus no longer follows a conditioned stimulus
100
systematic desensitization
What is a type of counterconditioning, used to treat phobias, in which a pleasant, relaxed state is associated with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli
100
negative reinforcers
What is unpleasant stimuli that increase the frequency of behavior when they are removed
100
chaining
What is in operant conditioning, combining the steps of a sequence to progress toward a final action
200
classical conditioning
What is a type of learning in which a neutral stimulus comes to elicit an unconditioned response when that neutral stimulus is repeatedly paired with a stimulus that normally causes an unconditioned response
200
spontaneous recovery
What is the reappearance of an extinguished conditioned response after some time has passed
200
counterconditioning
What is a therapy procedure based on classical conditioning that replaces a negative response to a stimulus with a positive response
200
schedule of reinforcement
What is a timetable for when and how often reinforcement for a particular behavior occurs
200
latent learning
What is learning that occurs but remains hidden until there is a need to use it
300
unconditioned response and stimulus
What is in classical conditioning, a stimulus that elicits an unlearned, automatic response
in classical conditioning, an unlearned, automatic response
300
generalization
What is the tendency to respond in the same way to stimuli that have similar characteristics
300
operant conditioning
What is learning that is strengthened when behavior is followed by positive reinforcement
300
continuous reinforcement
What is the reinforcement of a desired response every time it occurs
300
observational learning
What is learning by observing and imitating the behavior of others
400
conditioned respons and stimulus
What is a learned response to a previously neutral stimulus
a previously neutral stimulus that, because of pairing with an unconditioned stimulus, now causes a conditioned response
400
discrimination
What is in classical conditioning, the ability to distinguish the conditioned stimulus from other stimuli that are similar
400
reinforcement
What is a stimulus or event that follows a response and increases the frequency of that response
400
partial reinforcement
What is a type of conditioned learning in which only some of the responses are reinforced
400
distributed learning
What is learning that occurs regularly and is distributed over time
500
taste aversion
What is a type of classical conditioning in which a previously desirable or neutral food comes to be perceived as repugnant because it is associated with negative stimulation
500
flooding
What is a fear-reduction technique based on the principles of classical conditioning that involves exposing the individual to a harmless stimulus until fear responses to that stimulus are extinguished
500
primary reinforces
What is stimuli, such as food or warmth, that have reinforcement value without learning
500
shaping
What is in operant conditioning, a procedure in which reinforcement guides behavior toward closer approximations of the desired goal
500
massed learning
What is learning that does not occur regularly but occurs all at one time