Key Terms
What is Phenomenology?
The attempt to understand the elements of other people's lives as closely as possible to how they understand them.
What does Lincoln argue about defining religion?
Attempts to define religion need to be flexible enough to accomodate the different forms and the dynamic character of religions.
What did Aristotle argue that moral reasoning is concerned with?
What is the term used for Islamic Law?
shari'ah
What is a Maximalist?
Religon has influence on political, social, economic, and family life.
What does the Comparative method assume?
It assumes that it is possible to extract common denominators from varying traditions and sets of behaviors.
What do religions require in order to be seen as true?
A transcendental warrant or justification
What is "Telos"?
The ultimate end of human living
Where are the Islamic Standards of moral conduct specified?
In the shari'ah
What is a minimalist?
Religion does not have to be pressured onto others who do not share my faith.
What are Moral Values?
Principles that we cherish, hold in high regard, and strive to live by.
What are the three elements of ethical analysis?
. Facts
. Worldview
. Moral value/standards of conduct
According to Aristotle, how do we make decisions?
We make decisions by judging which course of action will most likely produce the greatest sublime happiness.
How are Islam and Christianity different when it comes to adherents?
In Islam there are different strands of adherents. In Christianity, no matter if you're protestant, Catholic, or Orthodox, you still follow the way of Jesus.
What is interpersonal violence?
Harming others through property or restricting and denying access to resources. Examples are racism, sexism, and economic oppression.
What are Moral Standards? Name one example?
Rules of conduct that serve to guide behavior. ex. Golden Rule
Why is Geertz's view of religion criticized?
Because of its uncritical emphasis on private, interior aspects of religious life. He views it as just a "cultural system".
What is deontological ethics?
Although the terrorists during 9/11 did it in the name of Islam, what was the problem?
Both the Qur'an and Hadith forbid suicide.
What did Avalos argue?
Religion is prone to violence. Those who view religious text as completely true may become aggressive to does who do not. Believes to solve the violence religion should be exterminated.
How is the word "Ethics" defined?
A rigorous reflection on moral experience.
Can a religion be a religion without adherents?
NO
What is the fourth mode of decision making
Contextual ethics
What are the Five Pillars of Islam?
. Shahada/profession of faith
. Salat/ritual prayer 5 times a day
. Zakat/giving resources to help others
. Sawm/Fasting
. Hajj/Pilgrimage to Mecca
What is Kimballs take on religion and violence?
When religion is understood and practiced in more flexible ways it could lead to violence. 1. All religions involve absolute truth and that could lead to violence. 2. Religions demand the blind following off authority figures. 3. Religion has too much time into someone's life. 4. Religion may become violent when the goal is to defend a key component of one religion. 5. Religious commitment to actions.