People
Coined the term "skyscraper" and built the first 10 story building.
Louis Sullivan
Kodak Camera created in 1888 by this person. Encouraged hobbies for Americans and photo journalism
George Eastman
a metaphor for a society where many different types of people blend together as one
melting pot
urbanization
laws that separated people along racial lines.
Jim Crow Laws
Reformer for the Social Gospel Movement tried to help immigrants and poor urban people by organizing settlement homes
Jane Addams
He challenged Louisiana segregation legislation by refusing to move from a "whites only" railcar in 1896
Homer Plessy
the policy of protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants
nativism
annual tax that had to be paid before qualifying to vote
poll tax
Established the clause "Separate but Equal"
Plessy vs. Ferguson
believed that racism would end once African Americans acquired useful labor skills and proved their economic value to society.
Booker T Washington
famous political cartoonist who criticized political machines and other corrupted practices.
Thomas Nast
party organization, headed by a single boss or small autocratic group, that commands enough votes to maintain political and administrative control of a city, county, or state
political machine
Belief that Christians had a duty to push for reform, especially for poor and immigrant people
Social Gospel Reform
This act provided an absolute 10-year ban on Chinese laborers immigrating to the United States
Chinese Exclusion Act
Corrupt politician who ran New York’s democratic political machine
William "Boss" Tweed"
founded the Niagara Movement. Encouraged African Americans to get an education and become leaders for their own communities, then to vote for those leaders
W.E.B. Du Bois
placed most federal employees on the merit system and marked the end of the so-called "spoils system"
civil service reform
Settlement Houses
provided that federal government jobs be awarded on the basis of merit and that government employees be selected through competitive exams
Pendleton Act
Reformer who was a journalist against lynching
Ida B. Wells
works challenged the fundamental issues that America faced; racism, evolving landscapes, class barriers, access to education and more. Wrote American classics like Huckleberry Finn
Mark Twain
appointing a friend to a political position is an example of...
patronage
using one’s political power for personal gain (monetary or power).
graft
U.S.-Japanese understanding in which Japan agreed not to issue passports to emigrants to the United States
Gentlemen's Agreement